Facts on File Encyclopedia of Health and Medicine

although vitamin A deficiency severe enough to cause such disruptions is rare. Other consequences of vitamin A deficiency genera ...

alcoholism, END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE (ESRD) with RENAL DIALYSIS, serious BURNS, major surgery, GAS- TRECTOMYor BARIATRIC SURGERY, ...

vitamin C supplementation for people recovering from major surgery, serious burns, and significant dental procedures. Vitamin D ...

208 Nutrition and Diet ESSENTIAL VITAMINS AND THEIR DIETARY SOURCES Vitamin Dietary Sources A (retinol) carrots butternut squash ...

contain vitamin K; unless a doctor specifically rec- ommends vitamin K supplementation, however, most people should not take sup ...

This section, “Fitness: Exercise and Health,” pre- sents an overview discussion of physical activity as it relates to health mai ...

the desired fitness level. The health benefits of exercise become apparent within two weeks of starting an exercise regimen and ...

employees. Health agencies such as the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and health organiza- tions such as the American Heart ...

A–B aerobic capacity The maximum amount of oxy- gen the body can extract from ambient air (the air of the normal environment) an ...

hard. A person who can carry on an extended conversation or sing during exercise is likely below his or her target heart rate an ...

computer, and playing video games replacing physical activities. Numerous clinical research studies correlate such physical inac ...

physical exercise. Athletic activities such as rac- quet sports, rowing, baseball, golfing, bicycling, and sailing expose the ha ...

C carbohydrate loading The practice of consum- ing excess quantities of carbohydrates, such as pasta and breads, for a period of ...

serious injury or health condition such as STROKE or HEART ATTACK. Conditioning is also an important component of the lifestyle ...

workout for the body that establishes and main- tains a high overall FITNESS LEVEL. Cross-training exercise typically complement ...

D–E disability and exercise Regular exercise is important for health and well-being for everyone, and most people are able to pa ...

exercise and health The correlations between daily physical exercise and health are numerous and solidly affirmed through clinic ...

F fitness level The ability of the body to perform physical activity. Fitness encompasses AEROBIC CAPACITY (cardiovascular fitne ...

flat feet 223 GENERAL FITNESS LEVEL CLASSIFICATIONS Fitness Level Activities Duration Frequency very poor very little physical a ...

of physical exercise that would strengthen the muscles and ligaments. Many adults who have flat feet have no dis- comfort or oth ...