Facts on File Encyclopedia of Health and Medicine

Neglect occurs when family members or care- givers fail to provide for the elder’s daily needs such as meals, appropriate cloth ...

well-being of the elderly, though most states have mandatory reporting requirements for health-care providers and others involve ...

G–I generational health-care perspectives Aware- ness of, respect for, and accommodation of the dif- ferent viewpoints toward he ...

Though the grieving process, also called bereavement, consists of predictable kinds of responses and feelings, each person handl ...

P parenting The functions and processes of raising a child. Most people grow and change in their roles as parents as their child ...

peer pressure The influences of friends, acquaintances, colleagues, and co-workers. Peer pressure may be positive or negative. T ...

S sexual assault Unwilling, unconsenting, or forced sexual interaction. Sexual assault involves implied or actual use of VIOLENC ...

do not consume so much ALCOHOLwhen out with a group or on a date that it impairs one’s ability to take action to stop unwanted ...

helping define such concepts as the purpose of life. Interactions between the sense of spirit, the mind, and the body provide po ...

The calming effect of smoking a cigarette is more that of quieting the addictive need than genuine relaxation. Methods to Manage ...

V–W violence Actions of aggression that cause inten- tional harm to others. Violence may be targeted or random and may occur in ...

heavy workloads, tedious or repetitious work, demanding customers, and short staffing. As well, people may work in jobs that are ...

Two health-care disciplines merge within the arena of surgical operations: ANESTHESIAand sur- gery. Physicians who administer an ...

first choice for numerous health circumstances. Surgical operations can restore and improve func- tion, improve appearance, repa ...

members of the surgical team follow stringent HAND WASHING(scrubbing) procedures, and wear sterile gowns and gloves in the opera ...

A–E ambulatory surgery Surgery, sometimes called same-day or outpatient surgery, in which the per- son comes to the hospital or ...

the site of the operation. Local anesthetic agents block the ability of neurons (NERVEcells) to send nerve signals, preventing t ...

full consciousness returns. Surgeons often use conscious sedation to improve a person’s comfort and reduce anxiety during minor ...

It is important to avoid driving or engaging in activities that require focused attention (including making important decisions ...

surgery begins. Fluid expanders sometimes can maintain the body’s fluid level without impairing the blood’s ability to carry oxy ...