Vertebrate Development Maternal to Zygotic Control (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology)

234 Secreted Frizzled-related proteins (Sfrps), which bind directly to Wnts and antagonize different Wnt ligands, and Dickkopf1 ...

235 antisense oligonucleotide mRNA depletion of maternal ctnnb1 mRNA in Xenopus oocytes, leading to embryos lacking axial struct ...

236 cortical region (Darras et al. 1997 ; Marikawa et al. 1997 ; Marikawa and Elinson 1999 ). By correlating its activity with v ...

237 oocytes (Kofron et al. 2007 ), providing the possibility that Wnt activation may wholly or partially occur before fertilizat ...

238 species-specific. Recent data suggest that calcium transients downstream of the chemokine receptor Ccr7 GPCR signaling are a ...

239 graded fashion in the late blastula/early gastrula. These genes depend on vegetally localized maternal vegt activity, showin ...

240 et al. 1998 ; Sampath et al. 1998 ; Erter et al. 1998 ), and these abnormalities can be rescued by YSL-specific expression o ...

2 41 (nodal3.1; Smith et al. 1995 ), likely functions in controlling morphogenesis during organizer formation. Nodal 3.1 is an a ...

242 ity of Gdf1 is blocked by co-expression with Wnt antagonists (Skromne and Stern 2001 ). These Gdf1 and Wnt8a signals coopera ...

243 as well (see below), the middle regions of the primitive streak also express Gdf1, Wnt8a, and Nodal and may be more relevant ...

244 mice initially suggested that Wnt signaling is not active in the blastocyst prior to implantation (Mohamed et al. 2004 ; Na ...

245 streak (Brennan et al. 2001 ; Ben-Haim et al. 2006 ), indicating that Wnt regulation of Nodal remains conserved, but is depl ...

246 normal development and under experimental conditions led to their designation as the “organization center” or “organizer” (O ...

247 function prior to the molecular era, owing to ease of identifying induced neural plates and nervous system tissue in section ...

248 over the years by many of the key participants (Harland 1994 , 2008 ; Elinson and Holowacz 1995 ; De Robertis and Sasai 1996 ...

249 dose-dependent fashion to promote ventrolateral mesendoderm and epidermis, and can prevent neural development of dissociated ...

250 ventrally and antagonized dorsally by organizer molecules. Additional support for this model came from characterization of p ...

251 signaling is particularly involved in establishing “pre-neural” ectodermal fate in the chick and is not sufficient for neura ...

252 Recent experiments in Xenopus have shown that this self-organization ability relies on the feedback regulation of Chrd flux ...

253 6.4.4 Molecular Interpretation of BMP Gradient Signaling Accumulated data has provided insight into the mechanisms through w ...