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been found in the sex ratios of some related haemosporidians (e.g. Leucocytozoonparasites of birds), but not in others (i.e.Haem ...

male are only able to fertilize the gamete from their paired female. Syzygy therefore removes the factors favouring female-biase ...

positively correlated with the gametocyte density, which the authors interpreted in terms of facultative LMC and which relies on ...

i.e. mating assurance. During the course of a malaria infection in the vertebrate host, the blood environment becomes increasing ...

214 R.E.L. Paul 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0.50 0.45 0.40 0.35 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0 0.50 0.45 0 ...

parasite had been tricked into allocating more of its gametocytes into males at a time when the male gametes were able to search ...

exploit their hosts and evade host defence systems, sexually reproducing parasites must further divert resources to sexual repro ...

parental clones if immunity is clone-specific, cotransmission may be advantageous in itself. There is some evidence that coinocu ...

References Arnot, D. (1998) Clone multiplicity ofPlasmodium falciparuminfections in individuals exposed to variable levels of di ...

Eshel, I. and Feldman, M.W. (1982) On evolutionary genetic stability of the sex ratio.Theoretical Population Biology21, 430–439. ...

Jeffery, G.M. and Eyles, D.E. (1955) Infectivity to mosquitoes ofPlasmodium falciparumas related to gametocyte density and durat ...

Seger, J. and Hamilton, W.D. (1988) Parasites and sex. In: Michod, R.E. and Levins, B.R. (eds) The Evolution of Sex. Sinauer, Su ...

West, S.A., Lively, C.M. and Read, A.F. (1999) A pluralist approach to sex and recombination.Journal of Evolutionary Biology12, ...

Intestinal Nematode Parasites of Vertebrates Interactions between 11 Intestinal Nematodes and Vertebrate Hosts M.V.K. Sukhdeo, 1 ...

Why do Nematodes Select Narrow Microhabitats in the Host? Nematode site (microhabitat) selection is so predictable and so precis ...

community dynamics (Holmes and Price, 1986; Price, 1986) and phylo- genetic constraints (Brooks and McLennan, 1993; Adamson and ...

Living in the Gut For gastrointestinal nematodes, the most popular route of host entry is through ingestion with food or water. ...

gut flow. Some nematodes, such as the human hookworms Necator americanusand Ancylostoma duodenale, have armed buccal cavities, w ...

an increase in the laceration of the mucosa and subsequent blood loss as the males migrate more actively to find the females (Be ...

the dot on a parent bird’s beak releases a fixed begging behaviour from the hatchling, or the red colour of a male adversary in ...