Human Physiology, 14th edition (2016)

378 Chapter 12 form as the V · o 2 max. It can be measured accurately by hav- ing a person exercise intensely on a treadmill or ...

Muscle 379 During exercise, the carrier protein for the facilitated dif- fusion of glucose (GLUT4) is moved into the muscle fibe ...

380 Chapter 12 are accordingly faster than the muscles of the legs. These dif- ferences in contraction speed are associated with ...

Muscle 381 Figure 12.25 A comparison of the rates at which maximum tension is developed in three muscles. These are ( a ) the re ...

382 Chapter 12 significantly in fast-twitch fibers during high-intensity exercise, but does not decline enough to produce rigor ...

Muscle 383 protein (UCP1; chapter 5, section 5.4), previously thought to be produced only by brown adipose tissue. By uncoupling ...

384 Chapter 12 may help the myosin proteins assemble into the A bands, and nebulin is needed for the globular actin proteins to ...

Muscle 385 nerves at each segment of the spinal cord. In the lumbar region there are about 12,000 sensory and 6,000 motor fibers ...

386 Chapter 12 the nuclear bag fibers, have their nuclei arranged in a loose aggregate in the central regions of the fibers. The ...

Muscle 387 of gamma neurons thereby enhances the stretch reflex. These neurons are also important in the voluntary control of sk ...

388 Chapter 12 neuron directly synapses with the motor neuron, without involving spinal cord interneurons. The stretch reflex is ...

Muscle 389 a tendon from excessive muscle contraction, or from muscle contraction that could add to the tension on a tendon duri ...

390 Chapter 12 The stretch reflex, with its reciprocal innervations, involves the muscles of one limb only and is controlled by ...

Muscle 391 12.6 Cardiac and Smooth Muscles Cardiac muscle, like skeletal muscle, is striated and con- tains sarcomeres that shor ...

392 Chapter 12 contract by means of sliding of thin filaments over thick fila- ments. The sliding of the filaments is produced b ...

Muscle 393 Also unlike skeletal muscles, where there is direct excitation- contraction coupling between the transverse tubules a ...

394 Chapter 12 structures called dense bodies, which are analogous to the Z discs of striated muscle ( fig. 12.35 b ). The myofi ...

Muscle 395 junction with a somatic motor axon, and the receptors for the neurotransmitter are located only at the neuromuscular ...

396 Chapter 12 are faster in arterioles than in large arteries, for example—to provide faster rates of smooth muscle contraction ...

Muscle 397 Skeletal Muscle Cardiac Muscle Smooth Muscle Striated; actin and myosin arranged in sarcomeres Striated; actin and my ...