Calendars in Antiquity. Empires, States, and Societies

calendar at the time when it was adapted to the Julian year. This should help us to determine when the Cappadocian calendar was ...

civil wars. In 48BCE, after Pompey’s defeat, Ariobarzanes was able to make peace with Julius Caesar. The adaptation to the Julia ...

Roman leap years.^96 On historical grounds, however, this specific dating is implausible, as it is reasonably well established t ...

and subsequently in all Roman leap years: Stern 2010a: 113–14 n. 51). It is then that some Egyptian months would have been suppr ...

The calendar of the province of Asia Among the lunar calendars of Asia Minor and the Near East that adapted to the Julian calend ...

be given to the emperor Augustus by reforming the calendar of the province in such a way that the New Year occur on 23 September ...

but still before Augustus’reform, would have been 8BCE; the decree is thus to be dated to this year.^116 Confirmation of this da ...

By modifying the proconsul’s scheme and improving its synchronization to the Julian calendar, thekoinonwere paradoxically assert ...

efficiency. In the context of this decree, at least, the proconsul and thekoinon did not perceive the calendar as an administrat ...

Asia, between 12 and 2BCE.^124 The observance of Augustus’birthday as a New Year certainly suggests that these calendars were in ...

Table 5.6. The calendar of Asia and its variants according to the hemerologia Ephesus (Florence MS)= Asia (Leiden MS) a Asia(Flo ...

no reason why he casts similar suspicion on the duplication of Sebaste at the beginning of the year in the same column, on 23/9 ...

duplicated, scribal error cannot be invoked so easily.^129 The New Year of 24 September in the Asia column of the Florence MS sh ...

calendar of‘Cyprus’differ in the Vatican and Florence MSS, suggesting that these in fact might be different calendars.^132 Calen ...

Asia Minor, was defined by afixed New Year (Augustus’birthday) and tied to the Julian calendar, cities and provinces still had a ...

became the model of the Syrian calendar (see above and Table 5.3). Similarly, the calendar of Seleucia in Pieria (near Antioch) ...

same manuscript. The absence of standard Greek transliterations suggests that these month-names were predominantly used in an Ar ...

calendar as represented in the Florence MS would rather suggest that the year began in Nisan, just as in the Babylonian calendar ...

result of setting the beginning of the month of Ab on Augustus’birthday on 23 September. In fact, the 31st days do not correspon ...

Ascalon and Gaza The calendars of Ascalon and Gaza, as represented in thehemerologia,^150 were structurally identical and conter ...