Calendars in Antiquity. Empires, States, and Societies

actually known to the druids, scholars have grossly exaggerated the amount of astronomical knowledge that would have been needed ...

A dissident calendar The Coligny inscription attests, in many ways, to the Romanization of the Gallic calendar: as mentioned abo ...

A further indication of dissidence is that the Coligny calendar seems not to have had any official status. It does not appear, i ...

calendar;^39 although too small to prove that both calendars were identical, they are sufficient to demonstrate that the Coligny ...

‘Gigne’—perhaps a local Etruscan month-name, although it is not attested elsewhere—and to the third day of the lunar month. Ther ...

6 Ma(y),luna3 (Diehl 4386). Wednesday (?),lu(na)(?) (ICURviii. 21476). Nearly all these inscriptions are identified by Diehl ( ...

Untersaal (Raetia), Monday 23 May,luna5 (231) (CILiii. 11943). Vasio (Gallia Narbonensis), Monday 19 October 470,luna 1751 (CIL ...

have 31 days) and that these days are consecutively and upwardly numbered, unlike the days of Roman calendar months.^54 A simila ...

The astrological interpretation Most scholars have interpreted thelunadates in funerary and other inscrip- tions (e.g. Eriksson ...

composed in Rome in 354CE. This well-studied document comprises, in section VI of the codex, an extensive calendar with a total ...

coincidence of Sunday and the beginning of a lunar month.^67 Indeed, it may have been in anticipation of this triple coincidence ...

day and planetary weekday, but also the zodiac sign—distinctive of astrologi- cal dating.^71 Thefirst of these two inscriptions ...

lunariatext thatlunaIII was considered unpropitious for childbirth:Luna III...infans si fuerit natus, mediocrus[sic]et non eritv ...

thelunadate refers to a local, Etruscan lunar calendar, which was cited and used alongside the Roman date.^79 But in late Antiqu ...

purposes without constituting in themselves a calendar, and without the weeks being either numbered or named. Just like weekdays ...

Further evidence of lunar calendar reckoning in the late-antique LatinWest is the lunar column of the calendar of 354. This colu ...

popular, covert resistance to the imposition of the non-lunar, Julian calendar in the Roman Empire. It is significant to note th ...

(subdivided into blocks of 16 years, themselves double octaetereis or eight-year cycles) starting from 222CE, which is presumabl ...

which was probably conceived in the early fourth century, as its 84-year cycle started in 298CE; it was probably in use in Rome ...

of 30 and 29 days in alternation.^97 Although epacts are listed only in the supputatioRomanaand later Easter calendars, it has b ...