Calendars in Antiquity. Empires, States, and Societies

identity of Christians in Rome in relation to the Roman state and its Julian calendar. At the same time, however, the Easter tab ...

JEWISH CALENDARS IN THE ROMAN EMPIRE Jewish calendars deserve a place of importance in this work. The Jews wrote more about th ...

of inscriptions and legal or commercial documents.^105 This raises the question of whether it functioned there as an official (r ...

community to the next (Stern 2001, Stern and Mancuso 2007). This variety was a reflection of the dispersion and general lack of ...

From the fourth centuryCEonwards, Jewish calendars began to usefixed cycles, rules, or schemes, either for the regulation of the ...

although this is implicit already in a fourth-century Babylonian tradition.^116 At some stage before the eighth century, afixed ...

schematization andfixation of calendars was part of a general trend beginning in the great empires of the ancient Near East and ...

contemporary Near Eastern calendars—represented perhaps a deliberate at- tempt to distinguish themselves from the culture of the ...

what extent this scheme should be read into the Serdica document depends, however, on the plausibility of Schwartz’s textual eme ...

been used (e.g. thesupputatioRomanaand the Alexandrian cycle). Its use for the calculation of Passover dates resulted thus in a ...

We now turn to the Catania (Sicily) inscription of 383CE, a funerary inscription erected by a Jew, Aurelius Samuel, in memory of ...

cultures (as may have been the case in the Serdica calendar), but rather of ‘horizontal’relations between Jewish and other, loca ...

possible, alternatively, that the Jewish calendar was controlled in this period by the council of elders or Sanhedrin (provided ...

This traditional view only reflects, however, the biased perspective of rabbinic sources. It is actually most unlikely that a fu ...

In the following passage, where city councils are explicitly mentioned, the latter appear to have had the upper hand: R. Yoh:ana ...

month’meals), which are frequently referred to in early rabbinic sources, could involve in practice, at least in some cases, a d ...

The possible involvement of city councils in setting the dates of the Jewish calendar does not necessarily mean that membership ...

Rabbinic courts, however, were most likely also involved in the determina- tion of the lunar or‘Jewish’calendar—as is consistent ...

who calculate’to ensure that the New Year (1 Tishri) and the Day of the Willow (21 Tishri) did not occur on a Sabbath.‘Calculati ...

with pre-70 Judaea, when the centripetal force of the Temple and the authority of the high priesthood are likely to have secured ...