Calendars in Antiquity. Empires, States, and Societies

which we shall return below, and which refers in that context to the lunar calendar; but the Hosea Pesher, on a plain reading, i ...

that only the Teacher and his followers observed it, but not theWicked Priest. This possessive does not mean, however, that theW ...

Calendars and Qumran sectarianism The absence of calendar polemics in Qumran sectarian sources (Jubilees excepted) raises our su ...

the community in which he lives, ceases to be a member of the social body to which he hitherto belonged.^39 The appeal to social ...

Regardless of which of these versions camefirst,^43 the appearance of a calendar text in one of the most important sectarian wri ...

In this context, the observance of different calendars by different Jews would have been far less of an issue than modern schola ...

observe instead a lunar calendar, and thus‘forget the feasts of the covenant and walk according to the feasts of the nations aft ...

omerin Temple times (before 70CE) did not occur without considerable commotion; and further, that the Baytusim sometimes tried t ...

although as we have seen, notions of calendar‘orthodoxy’and‘heresy’are not explicitly articulated in the context of these source ...

A certain change arises in later rabbinic sources, where the observance of a deviant calendar becomes increasingly associated wi ...

CHRISTIAN EASTER CONTROVERSIES It is only in the context of Christianity that the calendar became, in late Antiquity, the obje ...

The original date of Easter The Christian celebration of Easter draws its origins from the Jewish or biblical Passover, of which ...

community to the next, could reckon the lunar calendar in very different ways. Calendar diversity was neither planned nor delibe ...

not to be the commemoration of the Passion on the Jewish Passover, but rather of the Resurrection that followed it; and secondly ...

observance, nor is it even directly referred to. Polycrates just claimed that his long line of predecessors in Asia (including, ...

Eusebius’ treatment of the Victor–Polycrates controversy can easily be understood in the light of the concerns and perspectives ...

The intervention of Irenaeus in this dispute is of particular significance. Irenaeus was thefirst great heresiologist in the Chr ...

pseudo-Tertullian, and remains therefore speculative.We do not even know if the‘schism’imputed to Blastus by Irenaeus related sp ...

Easter in world Christianity on the same day. They seem to be responding only to local controversies and conflicts of authority ...

based on when the Jews celebrated the festival. Thus in his letter to Victor, Polycrates describes the 14th of the moon as‘the d ...