Medical Microbiology

274 4 BacteriaasHumanPathogens pathogensincerebrospinalfluidandblood.Thediseaseoccurssporadically orintheformofminorepidemicsinc ...

Neisseria,Moraxella,andAcinetobacter 275 Diagnosis.Themethodofchoiceisdetectionofthepathogensbymeansof methyleneblueandgramstain ...

276 4 BacteriaasHumanPathogens Therapy.TheagentofchoiceusedtobepenicillinG.Inrecentyears,however, thepercentageofpenicillinase-p ...

Neisseria,Moraxella,andAcinetobacter 277 serogroupA,sometimesbyBstrainsaswelland,morerarely,bygroupC strains.Serogroupsaredivide ...

278 4 BacteriaasHumanPathogens carrierstoeliminatethisreservoir,wherebyminocylinorrifampicinmustbe usedinsteadofpenicillinG.Prop ...

Enterobacteriaceae,Overview 279 significantserovarsbasedonO,H,andKantigens.Themostimportantpatho- genicityfactorsofEnterobacteri ...

280 4 BacteriaasHumanPathogens Table4. 6 TheMostImportantGenera/Species/VarsofEnterobacteriaceaeand theCorrespondingClinicalPict ...

Enterobacteriaceae,Overview 281 Antigenstructure.ThemostimportantantigensoftheEnterobacteriaceae are: &Oantigens.Specificpol ...

282 4 BacteriaasHumanPathogens Pathogenicitydeterminants.Anumberoffactorsareknowntoplayarolein thepathogenicityofvariousEnteroba ...

Salmonella(Gastroenteritis,TyphoidFever,ParatyphoidFever) 283 Entericsalmonellosesdevelopwhenpathogensaretakenupwithfood.The pri ...

284 4 BacteriaasHumanPathogens Table4. 7 ExcerptfromtheKauffmann–WhiteSchemewhichCoversOver 2000 Serovars Group Serovar Oantigen ...

Salmonella(Gastroenteritis,TyphoidFever,ParatyphoidFever) 285 Pathogenesisandclinicalpictures.Salmonellaeareclassifiedaseitherty ...

286 4 BacteriaasHumanPathogens Table4. 8 OverviewoftheMostImportantDifferencesbetweenTyphoidand EntericSalmonellaeandSalmonellos ...

Shigella(BacterialDysentery) 287 Eliminatingtheinfectioninchronicstoolcarriersoftyphoidsalmonellae, 2 – 5 %ofcases,presentsaprob ...

288 4 BacteriaasHumanPathogens 15 serovars,respectively,basedontheirantigenstructures.Shigellaearenon- motileandthereforehavenof ...

Yersinia(Plague,Enteritis) 289 abated.Transmissionisbydirectcontact(smearinfection)orindirectuptake viafood,surfacewater,orflies ...

290 4 BacteriaasHumanPathogens plagueepidemicsinhumansresultedfromthesesametransmissionpath- ways.Therarehumaninfectionsseentoda ...

Yersinia(Plague,Enteritis) 291 Morphology,culture,andantigenstructure.Thesearepleomorphic,short rodswithperitrichousflagellation ...

292 4 BacteriaasHumanPathogens Escherichiacoli.................................................... &ThenaturalhabitatofE.col ...

Escherichiacoli 293 Urinarytractinfectionsresultfromascensionofthepathogenfromthe ostiumurethrae.Developmentofsuchaninfectionisa ...