0071643192.pdf

■ First-degree AV block ■ Second-degree AV block type I (Wenckebach, Mobitz I) ■ Second-degree AV block type II (Mobitz II) ■ Th ...

SECOND-DEGREEAV BLOCKTYPEI (WENCKEBACH, MOBITZI) Characterized by gradually increasing block at the AV nodedue to prolonga- tion ...

THIRD-DEGREEAV BLOCK Generally unstable rhythm resulting in syncope and often hypotension. Third-degree AV block (third-degree h ...

PREMATUREATRIALCONTRACTION(PAC) ECG FINDINGS ■ Premature beat with preceding P wave ■ Narrow or wide QRS complex depending on ti ...

BRADYDYSRHYTHMIAS ■ Sick sinus syndrome ■ Sinus arrest TACHYDYSRHYTHMIAS ■ Atrial tachycardia ■ Multifocal atrial tachycardia ■ ...

TREATMENT ■ Atropine ■ Often requires emergent temporary transcutaneous or transvenous pacing ■ Permanent pacemaker insertion is ...

■ P different from normal sinus P waves ■ Atrial tachycardia with AV blockis classic for digoxin toxicity! TREATMENT ■ Usually a ...

ECG FINDINGS(SEEFIGURE1.10) ■ Atrial rate ranges from 250 to 300 bpm. ■ AV-node conduction of every 2 or 3 atrial impulses ■ Ven ...

TREATMENT ■ If rapid ventricular response and patient is unstable →electrical cardioversion. ■ Synchronized ■ Start with 50–100J ...

ECG FINDINGS(SEEFIGURE1.12) ■ Narrow QRS complexes at rate of 120–200 bpm ■ Absence of visible P waves ■ Retrograde P waves are ...

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ■ Bundle of Kent connects atrium directly to ventricle. ■ “Normal” conduction ■ Impulses travel down both the ac ...

■ WPW with atrial flutter and accessory pathway conduction ■ Regular wide QRS complexes ■ 1:1 conduction possible ■ Rates may re ...

■ Stable patient: Medical therapy with procainamide or amiodarone may be tried. ■ Blocks the accessory pathway ■ Increases trans ...

ECG FINDINGS(SEEFIGURE1.16) ■ Regular wide complex tachycardia ■ Inappropriately concordant QRS complexes across the precordial ...

■ Stable ■ Trial of amiodarone or lidocaine ORsynchronized cardioversion ■ Refractory stable VT →synchronized cardioversion as a ...

TREATMENT ■ Unstable →immediate cardioversion ■ Synchronized ■ Begin with 50–100J ■ Magnesium infusion ■ Increase the ventricula ...

During resuscitation of a witnessed arrest, you ensured that CPR was min- imally interrupted and proper technique was employed. ...

Airway and breathing: All basic CPR begins with opening the airway with a head tilt and chin lift (jaw thrust alone if suspected ...

■ Reassess breathing and heart rate (HR)after 15–30 seconds. ■ If apnea or HR < 100 bpm (by umbilical pulse or auscultation o ...

■ Hypovolemia ■ Hypothermia ■ Hypoxia ■ Hypoglycemia ■ Acidosis ■ Electrolyte disturbances ■ Cardiac tamponade ■ Overdoses ■ Ten ...