0071643192.pdf

■ May be used for lidocaine, epinephrine, atropine, and naloxone (LEAN) ■ Achieves lower serum drug levels compared to IV routes ...

VASOPRESSIN Has not shown any survival benefit over epinephrine MECHANISM OFACTION ■ Nonadrenergic peripheral vasoconstrictor ■ ...

LIDOCAINE Used in the treatment of VT and VFib as an alternative to amiodarone MECHANISM OFACTION ■ Class Ib antidysrhythmic ■ B ...

DOSE ■ 0.5–1 g/kg IV/IO (2–4 mL/kg D 25 Win pediatrics, D 10 W in neonates) INTERVENTIONSTHATARENOTHELPFUL The following interve ...

PACEMAKERMALFUNCTION CAUSES ■ Failure to pace ■ Failure of pacemaker to output signal ■ Wire fracture/displacement ■ Battery dep ...

TREATMENT ■ Depends on underlying malfunction ■ Often requires reprogramming of functions by cardiologist ■ Magnet placement ■ C ...

IMPLANTED CARDIAC DEFIBRILLATORS (ICD) ICDs are placed in patients at high risk for sudden cardiac death from VT and VFib. They ...

■ Inadvertent inactivation ■ Any strong magnetic force can cause temporary or permanent (depend- ing on device) failure. ■ Resis ...

Pediatrics Volume assessment in children is made difficult by the normal variation of vital signs seen with increasing age. Thus ...

■ Narrow pulse pressure ■ Cool and clammy skin, diminished turgor (late and not as commonly seen as in children) ■ Mental status ...

SYMPTOMS/EXAM ■ Vary somewhat with underlying etiology (eg, fever with sepsis, elevated JVP with cardiogenic shock) ■ Ill appear ...

TREATMENT ■ Ensure adequate oxygenation and ventilation. ■ Volume resuscitation ■ NS or Ringer’s lactateboluses through large pe ...

■ Maintenance fluids: Calculate maintenance fluids (see Table 1.15) and add to deficit replacement. ■ Solution:Use D5.25 NS (D5^ ...

■ Valvular disease ■ Ventricular septal defect DIAGNOSIS ■ For most causes essential tools will include ECGandechocardiography. ...

■ Pancreatitis ■ Ingestions ■ Burns DIAGNOSIS ■ Based on clinical criteria (see Table 1.16) TREATMENT ■ Early intubation and mec ...

COMPLICATIONS ■ Multisystem organ dysfunction ■ Pulmonary failure or adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) TOXICSHOCKSYNDRO ...

■ Patients on β-blockers are at risk for refractory hypotension and pro- longed symptoms. ■ Anaphylactoid reaction ■ Antigen→dir ...

■ Less severe symptoms ■ Adults: 0.3–0.5 mg of 1:1000 solution IMq 5–10 minutes ■ Pediatrics: .01 mg/kg, max 0.3 mg of 1:1000 so ...

DIAGNOSIS ■ Best diagnosed with a careful exam ■ Radiographic studies (X-ray, CT, MRI) may also help in establishing the diagnos ...

■ Dextrans ■ Highly branched polysaccharides ■ Various formulations available ■ May interfere with hemostasis ■ Maximum dosage 2 ...