A Guidebook to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry
Electrophilic and Nucleophilic Substitution in Aromatic Systems * Substitution is complicated, however, by the fact that if prot ...
Nucleophilic Attack on Aromatic Species from the nucleus was sufficiently great (cf. the addition of nucleo philes to alkenes c ...
Electrophilic and Nucleophilic Substitution in Aromatic Systems (XXX) These are analogous to SN 2 reactions but with attack taki ...
Nucleophilic Attack on Aromatic Species ®N ci EtO® 0000 Q ®N OEt e/ \ O O (XXXI) kinetic stuSies in a number of examples suppo ...
Electrophilic and Nucleophilic Substitution in Aromatic Systems • attacking nucleophile has been formed (Swl), (b) simultaneousl ...
* Nucleophilic Attack on Aromatic Species (XXXVII) Nevertheless aryl halides having no activating groups are found to undergo r ...
Electrophilic and Nucleophilic Substitution in Aromatic Systems • and the proportion of them in the product should be independen ...
6 ADDITION TO CARBON-CARBON DOUBLE BONDS As we have already seen (p. 6), a carbon-carbon double bond con sists of a strong a bo ...
Addition to Carbon-Carbon Double Bonds by a species containing positively polarised bromine: in this case the: bromine molecule ...
Stereochemistry of Addition STEREOCHEMISTRY OF ADDITION An intermediate such as (VII) would involve 'attack from the back' by Br ...
Addition to Carbon-Carbon Double Bonds (IXa') and (lXbr); on projection these then yield the formulae (IXa°) and (1X6"). It will ...
Orientation of Addition substituents on the double-bond carbon atoms; the following relative rates are observed: Me \ CH,=CH—Br ...
Addition to Carbon-Carbon Double Bonds exemplifying the greater tendency to form a secondary rather than a primary carbonium ion ...
Hydration This very closely resembles the electrophilic substitution of chloro benzene which, as we have seen (p. 123), is o/p- ...
Addition to Carbon-Carbon Double Bonds The formation of the carbonium ion (XV) is the rate-determining step in the reaction but ...
Hydroxylation the first formed carbonium ion (XIX) can add to the double bond of a second molecule to form a second carbonium io ...
Addition to Carbon-Carbon Double Bonds atoms in the resultant glycol becoming labelled, i.e. both are derived from the permangan ...
Ozonolysis (iv) Hydrogenation The addition of hydrogen to alkenes in the presence of metallic catalysts, e.g^ Ni, Pt, Pd, etc., ...
Addition to Carbon-Carbon Double Bonds O^9 ®Q/ X>^9 and, in support of this view, it is found that the additions catalysed by ...
Addition to Conjugated Dienes the actual addition of ozone is usually followed by reductive cleavage of the products with Pd/Ha. ...
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