Advices For Studying Organic Chemistry

1) Grignard reagents react primarily at the less-substituted ring carbon of substituted oxirane. Specific Examples H 2 C CH O + ...

R C O −Mg2+X −+ + MgX 2 Halomagnesium alkoxide H OH H + X− R C O H + OH H + Alcohol In the second step, the addition of aqueous ...

+ H 3 O+ Rδ− δ+ R R R R RMgX R R MgX 3 o alcohol R' C R"O O C O R' O MgX C OH R' Ester R" Initial product (unstable) −R"OMgX spo ...

+ NH 4 Cl CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 MgBr CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 2-Methyl-2-hexanol (92%) H 3 C C H 3 C O Acetone Et 2 ...

Synthesis C 6 H 5 MgBr Phenylmagnesium bromide +CH 3 CH 2 C CH 2 CH 3 CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 3-Pentanone Et 2 O NH 4 Cl C C 6 H 5 ...

All these methods will be likely to give the desired compound in greater than 80% yields. 12.8B RESTRICTIONS ON THE USE OF GRI ...

Care must be taken in designing syntheses involving Grignard reagents ⇒ the reacting electrophile can not contain an acidic gro ...

Sodium alkynides react with aldehydes and ketones to yield alcohols. H 3 CC CH NaNH−NH 32 H 3 CC CNa Na CH 3 C CH 3 H 3 CC C + ...

R 2 CuLi + R' X R R' RCu LiX Alkyl halide Alkane ++ Lithium dialkylcuprate i) For the last step to give a good yield of the alka ...

I I CH 3 + (CH 3 ) 2 CuLi + CH 3 Cu + Li Methylcyclohexane (75 %) Et 2 O Br Br CH 3 + (CH 3 ) 2 CuLi + CH 3 Cu + Li 3-Methylcycl ...

12.11 SUMMARY OF REACTIONS ...

12.11A OVERALL SUMMARY OF REDUCTION REACTIONS (SECTION 12.3) (^) NaBH 4 LiAlH 4 Aldehydes C O R H C OH R H H C OH R H H Ketones ...

ORGANOLITHIUM AND GRIGNARD REAGENTS (SECTION 12.3) R 12.11C FORMATION OF —X + 2 Li R—Li + LiX R—X + Mg R—MgX AND ORGANOLITHIUM R ...

CONJUGATED UNSATURATED SYSTEMS MOLECULES WITH THE NOBEL PRIZE IN THEIR SYNTHETIC LINEAGE (ANCESTRY) The Diels-Alder reaction: O ...

Cortisone (R. B. Woodward): an antiinflammatory agent. 4) Prostaglandins F 2 α and E 2 (E. J. Corey): members of a family of hor ...

Addition of halogen to the double bond takes place when propene reacts with bromine or chlorine at low temperatures. + lowtemp ...

CC H H HC H H H Cl Cl 3) Second Chain-propagating Step CC H H HCH H + H Allyl radical Cl Cl Cl Cl CC H H HCH 2 CC H H HCH 2 + Al ...

Figure 13.1 The relative stability of the allyl radical compared to 1°, 2°, 3°, and vinyl radicals. (The stabilities of the radi ...

H 2 CCHCH 2 H + Br H 2 CCHCH 2 + H Br H 2 CCHCH 2 + Br Br H 2 CCHCH 2 Br + Br 3) NBS is nearly insoluble in CCl 4 and provides a ...

finding a bromide ion in its vicinity is low. ⇒ These two factors slow the addition so that allylic substitution competes succes ...