An introduction to Japanese - Syntax, Grammar & Language
6.4. ACKNOWLEDGING SOCIAL STATUS THROUGH SPEECH 311 of the multitude of interpretations is the most likely the intended on, due ...
312 CHAPTER 6. LANGUAGE PATTERNS This should be relatively obvious in terms of how to use it. If a teacher, a boss, or simply so ...
6.4. ACKNOWLEDGING SOCIAL STATUS THROUGH SPEECH 313 as : ”(I) got this wonderful (new) bag from Haruka.” DVD ”(My) friend bought ...
314 CHAPTER 6. LANGUAGE PATTERNS equal social status, the difference in social level determines which verb is used: 1) if the re ...
6.4. ACKNOWLEDGING SOCIAL STATUS THROUGH SPEECH 315 sponsible for them being done for our benefit, which is why we can inter- pr ...
316 CHAPTER 6. LANGUAGE PATTERNS 6.4.2 Indirect speech One of the important things in using Japanese is to be indirect whenever ...
6.4. ACKNOWLEDGING SOCIAL STATUS THROUGH SPEECH 317 In Japanese the same applies: ”Won’t (you) come over (for a social visit) ag ...
318 CHAPTER 6. LANGUAGE PATTERNS Recommending, using past tense + If we want to make a recommendation, there are various direct ...
6.4. ACKNOWLEDGING SOCIAL STATUS THROUGH SPEECH 319 not, effectively leaving the process of deciding whether it’s a good idea or ...
320 CHAPTER 6. LANGUAGE PATTERNS Double negative statements In addition to these reasonably obvious suggestions, recommendations ...
6.5. MORE ADVANCED GRAMMAR 321 into a hypothetical: + +. This negative hypothetical is then followed by either the negative form ...
322 CHAPTER 6. LANGUAGE PATTERNS Japanese material, or going on in search for more specialised dictionaries and reference works ...
Chapter 7 Conjugation Schemes 7.1 Bases 7.1.1 Regular verbs: verbs base how to form remove final –row syllable from dictionary f ...
324 CHAPTER 7. CONJUGATION SCHEMES 7.1.3 Irregular verbs: ( / ). base , , , , ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( , ) The for these verbs foll ...
7.1. BASES 325 7.1.5 Special verbs: base form 7.1.6 Special verbs: base form ( ) 7.1.7 Special verbs: base form 7.1.8 Special ve ...
326 CHAPTER 7. CONJUGATION SCHEMES 7.1.9 Verbal adjectives base how to form Remove the from the dictionary form. + + + + ( + ) 7 ...
7.2. CONJUGATION SCHEMES 327 7.1.12 Special bases for base form 7.1.13 Special bases for base form 7.1.14 Special bases for base ...
328 CHAPTER 7. CONJUGATION SCHEMES inflection formality affirmative negative present informal + + formal + + past informal + (c) ...
7.2. CONJUGATION SCHEMES 329 potential formal + + short potential informal + (c) + (c) formal + (c) + (c) causative informal + + ...
330 CHAPTER 7. CONJUGATION SCHEMES + + formal + + + + past pseudo-future informal + + + + formal + + + + hypothetical neutral + ...
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