Encyclopedia of Society and Culture in the Ancient World
the interior of the temple. Th e originals that survive include 524 feet of frieze, 92 panels, and 17 statues. While experts dis ...
hances the sculpture, creating a sense that the fi gure, with its intricately carved robes, is almost fl oating in space. Th e s ...
Etruscan art provided a base that was mainly concerned with realistic representation, whereas Greek art contributed ideas of ide ...
Relief carving was used to embellish the interior or exte- rior of buildings, the surfaces of monuments such as the tri- umphal ...
fresco painting, however, was simple color and geometric shapes, intended to add variety to the rooms it decorated. In some case ...
pans to weapons and armor. Many diff erent household ob- jects found in the ruins of Pompeii and nearby Herculaneum (also destro ...
art. Under the Roman Republic and Empire the specialized artistic design of coins continued. Th e materials were gold, silver, a ...
(13,000–8000 b.c.e.), regional cultural traditions fi rst arose in the Late Archaic Period (3000–1000 b.c.e.). From utilitar- ia ...
nected to a rope attached to captives who are carved in relief on the sides of the object. Th is imagery probably indicates the ...
picted frontally were gods. Th e most well-known example of this may be seen in the murals in the Tepantitla apartment complex: ...
122 art: The Americas Th e Lanzón acted like a supernatural channel, in that it was placed in the center of this space rooted in ...
astronomy: introduction 123 FURTHER READING John Boardman, Greek Art, 4th ed. (London: Th ames and Hudson, 1996). France Borel, ...
stone slabs or pillars, were also used for astronomical pur- poses. Modern archaeologists are oft en amazed at the pre- cision w ...
systematic observations of the sky might be more suitable than astronomy. Th en again, astronomy has a historical dimension. Bef ...
is found on the walls of subterranean rock tombs dating to the 12th century b.c.e. In this type, the year is subdivided into 24 ...
Astral divination involved encoding the phenomena of the heavens into omens and associating them with events on earth. Th us, ec ...
understanding of astrology. Kings, in fact, restricted such study to scholars under royal employment, in hopes of main- taining ...
equator, dubbed the Gauge of the Red Road, was particularly important, as it allowed for increased accuracy in the mea- surement ...
Some Neolithic Europeans seem to have been particular- ly interested in marking the extreme positions of the moon. At Ca l la ni ...
to the plane of the earth’s equator. Th e Pythagorean sect of southern Italy saw in nature a symmetrical structure, with all thi ...
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