The Foundations of Chemistry

(b) The balanced equation shows that 2 mol N 2 O 5 is consumedfor every 4 mol NO 2 that is formed.Because [N 2 O 5 ] is decreasi ...

NATURE OF THE REACTANTS The physical states of reacting substances are important in determining their reactivities. A puddle of ...

CONCENTRATIONS OF REACTANTS: THE RATE-LAW EXPRESSION As the concentrations of reactants change at constant temperature, the rate ...

1.Once the reaction orders are known, experimental data must be used to deter- mine the value of kfor the reaction at appropriat ...

We can use the method of initial ratesto deduce the rate law from experimentally measured rate data. Usually we know the concent ...

Rate increases by a factor of 4.0rate ratio The exponent xcan be deduced from rate ratio([A] ratio)x 4.0(2.0)x so x 2 The r ...

Initial Rate of Initial Initial Formation of C Experiment [A] [B] (Ms^1 ) 1 1.0 10 ^2 M 1.0 10 ^2 M 1.5 10 ^6 2 1.0 10 ...


 x 4.0(2.0)x so x 2 The power to which [A] is raised in the rate-law expression is 2, so the rate-law expres- sion for this ...

Now we know that the rate law is of the form ratek[A]x[C] Dependence on[A]: We use experiments 1 and 2 to evaluate x,because [A ...

EXAMPLE 16-4 Method of Initial Rates Use the following initial rate data to determine the form of the rate-law expression for th ...

CONCENTRATION VERSUS TIME: THE INTEGRATED RATE EQUATION Often we want to know the concentration of a reactant that would remain ...

A88nB
C Plan We use the equation given earlier for t1/2for a first-order reaction. The value of kis given in the problem; the co ...

Thus, after 1.00 minute of reaction, the concentration of N 2 O 5 is 0.182 M.The number of moles of N 2 O 5 left in the 5.00-L c ...

Figure 16-4 (a) Plot of concentration versus time for a first-order reaction. During the first half-life, 1.73 seconds, the conc ...

Plan As long as some B is present, only the concentration of A affects the rate. The reaction is second order in [A] and second ...

4.17 102 M^1  486 M^1  486 M^1
417 M^1  903 M^1 [NOBr]1.11 10 ^3 M (46.2% remains unreacted) Thus, 53.8% of the ...

One method of assessing reaction order is based on comparing successive half-lives. As we have seen, t1/2for a first-order react ...

16-4 Concentration versus Time: The Integrated Rate Equation 671 
represents the average rate over a finite time interval t. ...

672 CHAPTER 16: Chemical Kinetics For a reaction aA nproducts that is zero order overall, we can write the rate equa- tion as  ...

It is not possible for allof the plots suggested here to yield straight lines for a given reaction. The nonlinearity of the plot ...