Motivation, Emotion, and Cognition : Integrative Perspectives On Intellectual Functioning and Development

schemes) seem to be located in (or at least controlled by) the lateral prefrontal areas of the brain (Brodmann Areas—BA 9, 46, 4 ...

(BA 44, 45, 47) and, in more effortful tasks, dorsolateral (BA 9, 46, 9/46) re- gions (Goldman-Rakic, 1995; Jonides et al., 1997 ...

purpose hidden resources (such asM-capacity orI-capacity) used by them to change performance. Yet executive processes and hidden ...

formance, at any time, is synthesized by the dominant (most activated) clus- ter of compatible schemes available in the brain’s ...

by the mental-attentional mechanisms, such as executive schemes andM-and I-capacities (Pascual-Leone, 1989, 1995; Pascual-Leone ...

avoid falling prey to strategy Y, the person must mobilize and apply bothI- interruption andM-capacity in the context of exertin ...

cal–structural learning mechanisms (Case, 1998; Pascual-Leone, 1995; Pas- cual-Leone & Goodman, 1979), which we call respect ...

steps of these two important sorts of strategies. It is worth noticing, as Fig. 8.2 shows, that in every case both processing st ...

matic Y strategies are liable to cause errors unless controlled. In misleading situations, two competing affective or cognitive ...

ger. From 4 months on, babies express anger to being restrained, and after 8 months, when baby moves around more easily, mothers ...

patterns of interpersonal relations and exploratory initiatives might become dysfunctional—children behaving as overly shy or la ...

Piaget’s sense of this term) scheme #2 to cognitively and emotionally catego- rize it as expressing presence of the person in qu ...

1991), which is the affective precursor of the attachment motive; and all the schemes are directly anchored and released by the ...

Scheme #1: *taskob: This is a figurative scheme of the tasks–objects that the subject regards as worthmastering(the mastery affe ...

schemes (only four would be needed for the usually successful children). In our model, this sets the timetable for acquisition o ...

cated to cultivate that interest (cf. Walmsley & Margolis, 1987). We reckon that 5–6-year-olds, if not earlier, could develo ...

serve as the core around which task or object preferences, and thenspecific in- terests,are built. In the present task analysis ...

Once the child–person has acquired his or her stable self-preference LIKEtask:i, adopting the goal orientation characteristic of ...

the FIT solution process and improving their performance level. Results showed the predicted statistically significant differenc ...

nomenologically distinct, all share the ability to broaden people’s momentary thought-action repertoires and build their endurin ...