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GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION BASELINES ■ 25 2009; Ramaswami and others 2008). Th ese emission baselines refl ect the meth- odologies ...
26 ■ CITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE Th e methodology for determining most emissions entails multiplication of data on a level of huma ...
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION BASELINES ■ 27 level, rather than at a corporate level. So whether a company uses an equity share approa ...
28 ■ CITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE North American Climate Registry. Many cities and states are participating in one or more of these ...
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION BASELINES ■ 29 counting, ICLEI’s fi nal reporting standard includes all Scope 1 emissions, plus addition ...
30 ■ CITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE Energy Th e energy sector, including stationary combustion, mobile combustion, and fugitive sourc ...
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION BASELINES ■ 31 Determining GHG emission from mobile sources poses diff erent chal- lenges than with stat ...
32 ■ CITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE Exclude airplane emissions: In several of the studies in table 2.2, no emis- sions from combusti ...
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION BASELINES ■ 33 and take-off cycle are allocated to the area in which the airport is based (this is the s ...
34 ■ CITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE counted in the GHG emissions for most urban areas. So use of the WARM model is not consistent wit ...
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION BASELINES ■ 35 sions are oft en reported as zero to indicate no activity takes place). Again, it is clea ...
36 ■ CITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE sector (Mitra, Sharma, and Ajero 2003). Agricultural emissions of 13 kilotons of CO 2 e for Rio d ...
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION BASELINES ■ 37 tribute 20 to 25 percent of global and national GHG inventories yet are usually negligibl ...
38 ■ CITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE made practical with the small and relevant list of Scope 3 activities just listed. Indeed, a smal ...
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION BASELINES ■ 39 Ramaswami and others (2008) may help cities develop a more holistic GHG emissions footpri ...
40 ■ CITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE were incorporated. For Paris, the city’s Bilan Carbone (Mairie de Paris 2009) reported that natio ...
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION BASELINES ■ 41 waste emissions, where applicable). In addition, it is highly recommended that cities als ...
42 ■ CITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE TABLE 2.5 Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Cities and Metropolitan Regionsmillion tons of CO e 2 City ...
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION BASELINES ■ 43 Prague 2005 9.33 1.06 0.00 10.39 0.51 0.00 0.13 9.97 11.03 Rotterdam 2005 17.08 0.15 0.13 ...
44 ■ CITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE TABLE 2.5, continued City or metropolitan region a Year Energy (excluding aviation and marine) Av ...
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