Biology of Disease
X]VeiZg(/ INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND TREATMENTS +- W^dad\nd[Y^hZVhZ CASE STUDY 3.1 Andrew, a 48-year-old male, presented at the ...
3.12 Summary Pathogenic microorganisms cause clinical conditions from infections of single organs or systems to systemic disease ...
Further Reading Abraham, SN, Jonsson, A-B and Normark, S (1998) Fimbriae-mediated host- pathogen cross-talk. Curr. Opin. Microbi ...
FURTHER READING CZhhVg6]bZY!BVjgZZc9Vlhdc!8]g^hHb^i]:YLddY ,& Smith, MA (2005) Antibiotic resistance. Nurs. Clin. N ...
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,( X]VeiZg)/ THE IMMUNE SYSTEM 4.1 Introduction Theimmune system is a set of organs, tissues, cells and molecules that protect ...
4.2 Types of Immune Defense The immune system has to distinguish between the cells and macromolecules that make up the body that ...
different cytokines are involved in the immune response and some are now used therapeutically. Interferon @ has been used to tre ...
ingested bacteria is achieved through several different mechanisms, including the use of lysosomal enzymes (Chapter 16), product ...
promote inflammation. Both mast cells and basophils have receptors for a particular class of antibody, known as immunoglobulin E ...
here to describe the body’s immediate and localized response to tissue damage. However, should an infection arise as a result of ...
4.4 Specific Immune Responses The specific immune response allows the development of true immunity to an infectious agent. Since ...
secondly, the specific immune response is more rapid following subsequent contacts with that same immunogen. It is the rapid sec ...
Immunoglobulin G Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the most abundant antibody in the blood where it is found at concentrations of approx ...
consist of two identical heavy chains each with a Mrof 50 000 and two identical light chains each with a Mrof 25 000. Both heavy ...
and with a Mr of 160 000. However, a proportion of plasma IgA also exists as a dimer, in which IgA molecules are joined together ...
days to several weeks. Despite its low plasma concentrations, IgE is a potent stimulator of inflammation, since binding of epito ...
infection, concentrations increase as humoral immunity is activated. Levels significantly above the normal range for the appropr ...
4.5 Small Lymphocytes Small lymphocytes are the cells responsible for specific immunity (Figure 4.2). They make up approximately ...
PRODUCTION OF A SPECIFIC IMMUNE RESPONSE CZhhVg6]bZY!BVjgZZc9Vlhdc!8]g^hHb^i]:YLddY -, endothelial cells lining the blo ...
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