A Short History of China and Southeast Asia
over other such centres of power was clearly its position astride the India–China trade route. Its power, however, is unlikely t ...
graciously accepted the ‘tribute’ offered, but gave more expensive presents in return. Of course, foreign embassies also brought ...
to recreate in microcosm the macrocosmic geography of the divine realm, with the palace at the centre representing the abode of ...
An important factor here was the different way in which tribute was understood. Superior karma and thus status was recognised in ...
trade. The accompanying ceremonial established status hierarchy, but not vassalage in the Southeast Asian sense. It was acceptab ...
witnessed this for themselves. Chinese emissaries extolled the emperor’s glory; merchants brought back stories of the extent and ...
marriage alliances and his meritorious deeds, all of which were intended to reinforce his right to rule in the eyes of his subje ...
(^) (^) (^) (^) (^) (^) (^) (^) (^) Early Southeast Asia and maritime trade routes, third to ninth centuries CE. ...
however, in the technology of boat building and navigation. We know that larger trading vessels based on Indian prototypes were ...
worship) among their gifts. As Buddhism became widely established in China, so demand grew for such products as aromatic resins ...
dynasty from 502 to 557 CE, Southeast Asian kingdoms quickly responded. Official missions arrived to establish the diplomatic co ...
Tang emperors were powerful enough to demand that relations even with the empires of the Uighurs and the Turks should conform to ...
sailed around the Malay Peninsula, and on to south China. This elim- inated the land portage across the Kra Isthmus, and so dimi ...
For the next century trade was intermittent, as reflected by the greatly reduced number of missions from Southeast Asia. The fin ...
officials, with the variable support of a Sino–Vietnamese landed elite, administered a territory stretching south to the shiftin ...
temporarily eclipsed Canton as the principal terminus for the Nanyang trade. The collapse of the Tang provided an opportunity fo ...
frontiers. (Subsequently the title conferred on the Vietnamese ruler was King of An-nam, though for his own people he was always ...
centuries that not only kept China at bay for most of the time, but also allowed the Vietnamese to engage their traditional enem ...
of Pagan. Srivijaya still controlled the Malay peninsula and Sumatra, though its power declined after its capital was sacked in ...
wishing to enter into relations with China could only do so on China’s terms, as a vassal of the Son of Heaven.^10 For the court ...
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