1. MedievWorld1_fm_4pp.qxd
260 Fibonacci, Leonardo Muslim decorative art, characterized by fine motifs. A popular revolt overthrew the last Marinid, who wa ...
Filioqueclause, dispute over 261 Christian aspirations and the passion for the recovery of classical culture. See alsoNEOPLATONI ...
262 Finland Christian Creeds, 3d ed. (London: Longman, 1972); Aristeides Papadakis, Crisis in Byzantium: The Filioque Controvers ...
Flanders and the Low Countries 263 that blood was produced. Acting out Christ’s Passion, they chanted slogans and sang religious ...
264 Florence King Philip VI (r. 1328–50) helped the count defeat several rebellious urban militias in 1328. At the beginning of ...
Fontenay, Battle of 265 controlled by them through a political and social class of supporters and clients who voted and ruled in ...
266 food, drink, and nutrition a division of the empire established in the Oaths of Strasburg of the previous year after the dea ...
forgery 267 but sometimes supplemented by millet, chickpeas, or chestnuts. These were consumed in the form of a soup. White brea ...
268 fornication CATEGORIES AND MOTIVATIONS Many medieval forgeries were deemed falsifications in the Middle Ages. Many others ha ...
Fouquet, Jean 269 conquest, and of a limited monarchy to a free decision of a community to form itself into a state. He consider ...
270 fowls and fowling scandalous, for the Virgin was a recognizable portrait of Agnès Sorel, the king’s mistress, shown with an ...
Franciscan order 271 York: St. Martin’s Press, 1982); William W. Kibler and Grover A. Zinn, eds. Medieval France: An Encyclopedi ...
272 Franciscan order BIRTH OF THE MOVEMENT Francis’s first band of followers were engaged in preach- ing and tried to lead model ...
Franconia 273 1994); John Moorman, A History of the Franciscan Order from Its Origins to the Year 1517 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, ...
274 Franks In 939 Eberhard launched a revolt against OTTOI, denying his pretension to a royal title. He was defeated and killed. ...
Frederick I Barbarossa 275 Fraticelli As a result of the severe conflicts over poverty and authority among the FRANCISCAN ORDERo ...
276 Frederick II his will on most of the cities and towns of the region. This acceptance of his rights was solidified by the Die ...
Frederick II 277 EMPIRE, by promising Innocent III that he would abdicate his Sicilian throne in favor of his son, young Henry, ...
278 Free Spirit, heresy of this and revolted in 1234, Frederick suppressed his ris- ing; threw him into prison, where he died in ...
Frisia 279 accused of these ideas. Those accused, condemned, and executed likely were a number of people, clerical and lay, who ...
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