Encyclopedia of Chemistry

alums Hydrated sulfates of the general formula M+M 3 +(SO 4 ) 2 .12H 2 O. ambident A description applied to a CHEMICAL SPECIESwh ...

a derivative of ammonia in which one or more hydro- gen atoms have been replaced by organic groups. It is classified according t ...

biological equivalent of physicists finding a new funda- mental particle or chemists discovering a new element. Amino acid suppl ...

H 3 C(CH 2 )nCO 2 – M+H 3 C(CH 2 )nSO 3 – M+H 3 C(CH 2 )nN (CH 3 ) 3 +X–(n> 7). The existence of distinct polar (hydrophilic) ...

authors use the term annelationfor the fusion of an additional ring to an already existing one, and annula- tionfor the formatio ...

saturated carbon atoms, i.e., either retention or inversion at both centers. The antarafacial process results in inver- sion at ...

milk, and mucous, both intestinal and bronchial. They are secreted on the surface of the body as a first defense against bacteri ...

aqueous solution A solution in which water is the solvent or dissolving medium, such as salt water, rain, or soda. Archaea A gro ...

particles carried a small positive or negative electrical charge when dissolved in water. The charged atoms permitted the passag ...

from Oxford and Cambridge universities. He died in Stockholm on October 2, 1927, after a brief illness, and is buried at Uppsala ...

atomic mass unit(amu) One-twelfth of a mass of an atom of the carbon-12 (^12 C) isotope; a unit used for stat- ing atomic and fo ...

The product of an attachment may also be the ADDUCTof the two reactants, but not all adducts can be represented as the products ...

substituted cyclohexane. This steric substituent parameter equals ∆rGoin kcal/mol for the equatorial- to-axial equilibration on ...

background radiation Exposure to various forms of low-level natural radiation from sources such as cosmic rays, radioactive subs ...

has only a limited number of valence electrons with which to bond to all of its nearest neighbors so that extensive sharing of e ...

DNA strand with another pair of nucleotides. The bases are one of five compounds—adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, and uracil ...

was named Willson Professor of Biochemistry at Stan- ford University in 1970, when he became chairman of the Department of Bioch ...

binary acid A BINARY COMPOUNDthat can act as an acid but contains only one element other than hydrogen. binary compound A compou ...

bioconversion The conversion of one substance to another by biological means. The fermentation of sug- ars to alcohols, catalyze ...

biomass The dry weight of organic matter in unit area or volume, usually expressed as mass or weight, comprising a group of orga ...