Nucleic Acids in Chemistry and Biology

genes, and the control and sample DNA hybridised to the chip is cDNA derived from the mRNA of for example, normal and diseased t ...

Nucleic Acids in Biotechnology 189 to be screened separately, which is time consuming. Now more directed methods are standard, w ...

be achieved by means of site-directed mutagenesis using oligonucleotides in an analogous way to that described for deletions (Fi ...

5.6.2 Random Mutagenesis Random mutagenesisis a method of introduction of multiple mutations into a DNA sequence but in arbi- tr ...

5.6.3 Gene Therap y The ability to introduce new or altered genes into a mammalian genome has tremendous implications. For examp ...

5.7 Oligonucleotides as Reagents and Therapeutics The ability to synthesise DNA and RNA oligonucleotides of defined sequence rap ...

strand (the coding strand) of RNA (commonly mRNA or viral RNA) through formation of an exactly base paired duplex between the ta ...

5.7.1.2 Optimal Oligonucleotide Characteristics. There are many factors that influence cellular or in vivoantisense activity. In ...

or the close analogue phosphorothioate(Section 4.4.3). Phosphorothioates are considerably more resistant than phosphodiesters to ...

adjuvants. Immune stimulation of this or similar type has also been used to explain in vivoactivities of some supposed antisense ...

hairpins are further processed by the enzyme complex Dicer(Dcr-1),^47 a multi-subunit protein complex that also contains an RNas ...

range of 3-D structures and hence must be single stranded. Thus the selection of RNA aptamers, the duplex DNA library contains a ...

aptamers for their target molecule is nicely illustrated by one such example that binds with high affinity (KD0.6 M) to theophyl ...

was first copied using a synthetic 5
-biotinylated mixed DNA/RNA primer. The primer contained an embedded 12 nucleotide RNA sequ ...

cleave different target sequences providing that Watson–Crick recognition between the enzyme and sub- strate is maintained. Rece ...

a template for TaqDNA polymerase (DNA aptamer) or reverse transcriptase (RNA aptamer) in further rounds of SELEX. The technique ...

Footprinting was first used by Galas^67 to determine the binding sequence for the lacrepressor protein that established the oper ...

References F. Sanger, A. Nicklen and A.R. Coulson, DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA ...

J.B. Opalinska and A.M. Gewirtz, Nucleic-acid therapeutics: basic principles and recent applications. Nat. Rev. Drug Discovery, ...

S.M. Elbashir, J. Harborth, W. Lendeckel, A. Yalcin, K. Weber and T. Tuschl, Duplexes of 21-nucleotide RNAs mediate RNA interfe ...