Nucleic Acids in Chemistry and Biology
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CHAPTER 6 Genes and Genomes CONTENTS 6.1 Gene Structure 210 6.1.1 Conventional Eukaryotic Gene Structure – The Globin Gene as a ...
6.1 Gene Structure The primary function of polymeric nucleic acids in all living organisms is the storage and transmission of ge ...
6.1.1 Conventional Eukaryotic Gene Structure – The Globin Gene as an Example Most of the genes in eukaryotes belong to the thi ...
the amount of gene product produced (in this case two corresponding enzymes). Often, different promot- ers use a different splic ...
a huge gene to produce a highly complex set of different proteins that function in different parts of the anatomy of an organism ...
214 Chapter 6 Figure 6.7 The evolution of the bglobin gene cluster. Transcription orientation is indicated by arrows. Exons are ...
two proteins, globin and globin. In the amphibian Xenopus laevisthe genes for both globin types are found in the same region o ...
another plant, the weed Arabidopsis thaliana, has far less intergenic repetitious DNA(Figure 6.9).^18 In fact, the intergenic DN ...
This is achieved by successive levels of packaging of the DNA with proteins.^22 The first level is the winding of DNA around a c ...
interspersed stretches of high and low density chromatin, which are responsible for the beautiful banding pattern seen in these ...
6.4.5. 1Centromeres. Centromerescan be found at different regions depending on the particular chromosome. A metacentric chromoso ...
viruses may have many enzymes within the particle and hundreds of genes encoded by the nucleic acid. Viral genomes are always ve ...
Genes and Genomes 221 Figure 6.15 The information content of the human genome ...
genomic sequences. But when these are carefully tested on well-characterised genomic regions containing known genes, they often ...
6.5.5 Composite Maps for Genomes It is common to show schematically a composite map for particular regions of the human genome ( ...
to alter transcription profiles multiple times during cell development. However, transcription does not need to be extremely acc ...
(iii)Deletion analysis. Sub-regions of the DNA template are excised and the effects of this deletion on transcriptional initiati ...
6.6.2.2.4 Regulatory Proteins Affecting Transcriptional Initiation in E. coli. Promoters do not necessarily have the same activi ...
genes and many small nucleoprotein RNA (snRNA) genes. Finally, RNA polymerase IIItranscribes the rest of the small RNAs, particu ...
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