Human Physiology, 14th edition (2016)

638 Chapter 18 eliminated in the feces; this is analogous to renal clearance of blood through excretion in the urine (chapter 17 ...

The Digestive System 639 micelles, and the dual nature of the bile salts (part polar, part nonpolar) allows them to emulsify fat ...

640 Chapter 18 Detoxication of the Blood The liver’s endothelial cells (lining the sinusoids), Kupffer cells, and dendritic cell ...

The Digestive System 641 Production of the cytochrome P450 enzymes, needed for the hepatic metabolism of lipophilic compounds su ...

642 Chapter 18 Figure 18.25 Pancreatic juice and bile are secreted into the duodenum. The pancreatic duct joins the common bile ...

The Digestive System 643 The pancreatic acini secrete inactive enzymes in an isotonic saline solution, while the cells that line ...

644 Chapter 18 The activation of trypsin, therefore, is the triggering event for the activation of other pancreatic enzymes. Act ...

The Digestive System 645 Neural and endocrine control mechanisms modify the activity of the digestive system. The sight, smell, ...

646 Chapter 18 hormone gastrin; the enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells, which secrete histamine; and the D cells, which secrete s ...

The Digestive System 647 secretion is reduced, and at a pH of 1.0 gastrin secretion ceases. The secretion of HCl thus declines a ...

648 Chapter 18 Extrinsic afferents, together with the different peptide hor- mones released from the intestine, alert the brain ...

The Digestive System 649 Figure 18.31 The enteric nervous system coordinates peristalsis. Peristalsis is produced by local refle ...

650 Chapter 18 18.7 DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION OF FOOD Polysaccharides and polypeptides are hydrolyzed into their subunits, which ...

The Digestive System 651 Maltose, maltriose, and oligosaccharides are hydrolyzed to their monosaccharides by brush border enzyme ...

652 Chapter 18 chains. These enzymes are thus grouped together as endopepti- dases. Enzymes that remove amino acids from the end ...

The Digestive System 653 The free fatty acids, monoglycerides, and lysolecithin derived from the digested lipids are more polar ...

654 Chapter 18 cholesterol is released and travels in the circulation until it is taken up by the liver. Cholesterol and triglyc ...

The Digestive System 655 | CHECKPOINT 16a. List the enzymes involved in carbohydrate digestion, indicating their origins, sites ...

656 Interactions Integumentary System The skin produces vitamin D, which indirectly helps to regulate the intestinal absorption ...

The Digestive System 657 SUMMARY 18.4 Large Intestine 632 A. The large intestine is divided into the cecum, colon, rectum, and a ...