Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology

CHAPTER 8 The Nervous System 163 ...

164 CHAPTER 8 Chapter Outline Nervous System Divisions Nerve Tissue Synapses Types of Neurons Nerves and Nerve Tracts The Nerve ...

The Nervous System 165 Student Objectives (Continued) State the locations and functions of cerebrospinal fluid. Name the crania ...

Most of us can probably remember being told, when we were children, not to touch the stove or some other source of potential har ...

Yet another type of glial cell is the astrocyte(liter- ally, “star cell”). In the embryo, these cells provide a framework for th ...

or disorders (Table 8–1 summarizes the functions of the neuroglia). SYNAPSES Neurons that transmit impulses to other neurons do ...

One important consequence of the presence of synapses is that they ensure one-way transmission of impulses in a living person. A ...

TYPES OF NEURONS Neurons may be classified into three groups: sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons (Fig. 8–3). Senso ...

Sensory and motor neurons make up the peripheral nervous system. Visceral motor neurons form the autonomic nervous system, a spe ...

injury. In length, the spinal cord extends from the foramen magnum of the occipital bone to the disc between the first and secon ...

173 Spinal cord Phrenic nerve Intercostal nerves Radial nerve Median nerve Ulnar nerve Cauda equina Femoral nerve Sciatic nerve ...

an automatic action stimulated by a specific change of some kind. Spinal cord reflexesare those that do not depend directly on t ...

probably familiar. In this reflex, a tap on the patellar tendon just below the kneecap causes extension of the lower leg. This i ...

THE BRAIN The brainconsists of many parts that function as an integrated whole. The major parts are the medulla, pons, and midbr ...

177 Frontal lobe Corpus callosum Parietal lobe Occipital lobe Midbrain Cerebellum Choroid plexus in fourth ventricle Spinal cord ...

different kinds of reflexes are integrated in the mid- brain, including visual and auditory reflexes. If you see a wasp flying t ...

Production of antidiuretic hormone(ADH) and oxytocin; these hormones are then stored in the posterior pituitary gland. ADH enab ...

In the human brain the cerebral cortex is folded extensively. The folds are called convolutions or gyriand the grooves between t ...

rather the premotor cortex has learned the sequence so well that we are able to repeat it without con- sciously thinking about i ...

The auditory areas, as their name suggests, receive impulses from receptors in the inner ear for hearing. The auditory associati ...