Medical Microbiology

434 8 VirusesasHumanPathogen ter< 100 IU/l),anattemptshouldbemadetoreachatiterof 100 IU/lwitha maximumofthreefurthervaccinati ...

RNAviruses 435 (virusprotein,genome-linked).Itconsistsofapproximately 7500 bases forming 2207 codingtriplets(inthepoliovirus).Th ...

436 8 VirusesasHumanPathogen — Coxsackievirus,groupB,withsixserotypes. — Echoviruswith 34 serotypes. — Enterovirusesnumbers 68 – ...

RNAviruses 437 Wherehygienicstandardsarehigh,dropletinfectionsalsoplayasignificant role.Specialprophylacticmeasurestopreventinfe ...

438 8 VirusesasHumanPathogen Epidemiologyandprevention.Transmissionisbyfoodandwaterorinthe formofsmearinfections.Infectionwithhe ...

RNAviruses 439 Isolatedcasesandminoroutbreaksofenteritisaretypicallyattributedtoun- specifiedviralinfections.Besidesunidentified ...

440 8 VirusesasHumanPathogen Diagnosis.Detectionbymeansofelectronmicroscopyorantigenassayin stool. Epidemiology.Two-thirdsofthea ...

RNAviruses 441 Pathogen.Thetermtogavirusesformerlyincludedavarietyofviruses, includingwhatwenowclassifyastheflaviviruses.Asdefin ...

442 8 VirusesasHumanPathogen puberty.Thevaccineistoleratedsowellthatpriorimmunestatuschecksare notrequired. Arboviruses Theterm“ ...

RNAviruses 443 Flavivirus(ArthropodborneYellowFeverType) Pathogen.Theflavivirusfamilyincludes 63 species,amongthemtheproto- typi ...

444 8 VirusesasHumanPathogen cludesapronouncedviremia.Theillness,inthisstageoftennotrecognized asaflavivirusinfection,maythenbeo ...

RNAviruses 445 observedforthefirsttimeintheUSA(NewYork)in 1 999,apparentlyintro- ducedintotheareabymigratingbirds.Itisstillnotkn ...

446 8 VirusesasHumanPathogen atitisB;noimmunizationbyvaccineisavailable.Especiallyincombination withribavirin(Table 7. 5 ),thera ...

RNAviruses 447 CoronavirusReplicationandViralMaturation Thecoronavirusgenomeconsistsofthelongestknown,senseRNAstrandex- ceeding ...

448 8 VirusesasHumanPathogen withpossiblyotherroutesoftransmissionseemsimportant.Theonlypre- ventivemeasuretodateisexposurepreve ...

RNAviruses 449 — HTLV-BLVretroviruses,includingHTLvirusestypesIandIIandthebo- vineleukemiavirus. — Spumaviruses,whichonlyoccurin ...

450 8 VirusesasHumanPathogen StructureandGenomicOrganizationofHIV LTR vpr gag vif p55 env nef gp 1 60 pol rev tat Structural pro ...

RNAviruses 451 HumanImmuneDeficiencyVirus(HIV) HIVreplication HIVcaninfectT4lymphocytesandothercellsbearingtheCD4markerontheir s ...

452 8 VirusesasHumanPathogen Table8. 4 DiagnosticDefinitionsforAIDSinAdults CD4+Tcells/ll Clinicalcategories A B C >500 A1 B1 ...

RNAviruses 453 Toxoplasmaorpapovaviruses(PML,seep. 41 5),orlymphomas.Table8. 4 pre- sentstheCDC(CentersforDiseaseControl)classif ...