Medical Microbiology

marrowtransplants.ThistestisbasedontheprinciplethatTlymphocytesare stimulatedtoproliferatebynonselfMHCclassIorIIantigensandtodev ...

ImmunologicalTestMethods 135 Table2. 13 ImportantCDAntigens Designation (alternatives) Cellswhichexpressthe antigen Functions CD ...

136 2 BasicPrinciplesofImmunology Table2. 13 Continued:ImportantCDAntigens Designation (alternatives) Cellswhichexpressthe antig ...

ImmunologicalTestMethods 137 Table2. 13 Continued:ImportantCDAntigens Designation (alternatives) Cellswhichexpressthe antigen Fu ...

138 2 BasicPrinciplesofImmunology Table2. 13 Continued:ImportantCDAntigens Designation (alternatives) Cellswhichexpressthe antig ...

Glossary ABC:Antigen-bindingcell. ABS:Antigen-bindingsiteonanantibody. ADCC:Antibody-dependentcell-mediated cytotoxicity. Adjuva ...

Chimera:Asinglehostbearingcellsde- rivedfromgeneticallydistinctindivi- duals. CLIP:Aproteinwhichblocksthebinding grooveofMHCclas ...

Fractalkine:Achemokineexpressedby endothelialcells;haseffectsoninflam- mationandotherprocesse. Freund’s adjuvant(FA): Awater-in- ...

Immunogen:Anysubstancewhichcan elicitaspecificimmuneresponse. Immunologicalmemory:Theabilitytopro- duceafasterandstrongerimmuner ...

thatareeithervirallyinfectedortu- morous. Nudemice:Amousestrainwhichcarriesa spontaneousmutationresultinginthe animalshavingnoha ...

Somaticmutation/recombination:Rear- rangementsofgenesinsomaticcells (asopposedtogermlinecells),result- ing inanewlycombinedDNAse ...

II Bacteriology Escherichiacoli Kayser, Medical Microbiology © 2005 Thieme ...

3 GeneralBacteriology F.H.Kayser TheMorphologyandFineStructureofBacteria &Bacterialcellsarebetween0.3and 5 lminsize.Theyhave ...

TheMorphologyandFineStructureofBacteria 147 BacterialMorphology 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 (^9101112) 13 a b c d e 14 Fig.3. 1 Gram-posit ...

148 3 GeneralBacteriology &Simplestaining.Inthistechnique,a singlestainingsubstance,e.g., methyleneblue,isused. &Differe ...

TheMorphologyandFineStructureofBacteria 149 Cocci Fig.3. 2 Cocciarespherical bacteria. Those found in grapelikeclustersasinthis ...

150 3 GeneralBacteriology DNATopologyinBacterialCells TheDNAdoublehelix(onewinding/1 0 basepairs)isalsowoundcounterclockwise abo ...

TheMorphologyandFineStructureofBacteria 151 Cytoplasm............................................. Thecytoplasmcontainsalargenum ...

152 3 GeneralBacteriology proteinsarepermeases,enzymesforthebiosynthesisofthecellwall,transfer proteinsforsecretionofextracellul ...

TheMorphologyandFineStructureofBacteria 153 30 %ofthedrymassofthecellwall.Themembranelipoteichoicacidsare anchoredinthecytoplasm ...