Encyclopedia of Islam

for many people in the region. In both indonesia and malaysia, people also like to eat a type of kabob called satay, which has t ...

According to these texts, which are based on interpretations of the qUran, hadith, and the con- sensus of the Ulama, funerary ri ...

Further reading: Ahmed Abd al-Hayy Arifi, Death and Inheritance: The Islamic Way; A Handbook of Rules Pertaining to the Deceased ...

sive, like those of mUhammad iqbal (1877–1938) and abU al-kalam azad (1888–1958), other major Indian Muslim intellectuals whom h ...

254 J:AF Gabriel (Hebrew: man of God; Arabic: Jibril) Gabriel is the angel of revelation in Islamic belief and is counted among ...

and moses. The Shia link Gabriel to key events in their versions of the lives of Muhammad, ali ibn abi talib, Fatima, and other ...

state called pakistan, Gandhi believed in an inde- pendent India that would be religiously diverse but unified in essence under ...

While the iconography of 17th-century gardens such as the Taj Mahal complex in India certainly suggests paradise, it is difficul ...

Khumm, nor do they recognize it as a holiday of any significance. Rather, they view the event as a call for Muslims to respect A ...

of massive student protests in France against the secular government there in 1968, something he witnessed firsthand as a philos ...

by God, he will arise as the Islamic messiah, the mahdi, to rule and establish justice on earth until JUdgment day. Although the ...

Wesleyan University Press, 2000); K. C. Kanda, trans., Masterpieces of Urdu Ghazal: From the 17th Century to the 20th Century (N ...

as was their position on the eternity of the world. Al-Ghazali’s main critique of the Ismaili Shia, who were posing a serious th ...

She was sentenced to 25 years of prison in 1965 for conspiring to overthrow Egypt’s govern- ment but served only six. Al-Ghazali ...

Muhammad, they claim, was the last to bring God’s law, but Ghulam Ahmad was among the prophets chosen to revive it and make it w ...

God See allah. goddess A goddess is a female form of deity found in many of the world’s religions. She is usually paired with a ...

could be interpreted as suggesting that the Gospel is a sacred text that God revealed to JesUs, as he revealed the torah to mose ...

ity. In the medieval period, rulers established a parallel system of courts that enabled them to side-step the sharia. Many Musl ...

maliki legal school. The Nasrid slogan “those who make [Islam] victorious through God” (in Arabic Nasr means victory) mitigated ...

meetings with high government officials in Tur- key and was instrumental in the establishment of the Journalists and Writers Fou ...