An Introduction to Environmental Chemistry

seasons), with the remaining 70% from fossil fuel sources (mainly in Europe, including the UK). In winter essentially all the su ...

residence times of SO 42 - and other particles in the atmosphere (typically a few days) compared with those of the major greenho ...

The concept illustrated in Fig. 7.23 was proposed several years ago, and one group of proponents went further and suggested that ...

or change in solar radiation being received), then the DMS-producing plankton might respond in such a way as to reduce the chang ...

these SVOCs will condense from the atmosphere back into, or on to, soils, water and vegetation. Given the global poleward moveme ...

276 Chapter Seven PCBs x = 1 to 5 and/or y = 1 to 5 Clx Cly Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl DDT HCH Cl Cl C Cl C Cl Cl PCDFs x = 1 to 5 and/or ...

Once in the polar environment SVOCs interact with the local ecosystem. Many POPs are hydrophobic (dislike water) and are therefo ...

high up the food chain such as seals and caribou, for their food source. Animals like seals are rich in fat and thus people livi ...

Global Change 279 7.3) produced industrially as a racemic mixture of two enantiomers (Fig. 7.29 & Box 7.3). a-HCH is a pesti ...

280 Chapter Seven Box 7.3 Chiral compounds Molecules that cannot be superimposed on their mirror images are said to be chiral (f ...

7.5 Further reading Cox, R.A., Hewitt, C.N., Liss, P.S., Lovelock, J.E., Shine, K.R. & Thrush, B.A. (eds) (1997) Atmospheric ...

282 Chapter Seven FACE experiments IPCC CO 2 oceans CO 2 oceans gas exchange CO 2 iron fertilization CO 2 climate CO 2 greenhous ...

Page numbers in italicsrefer to figures; in boldrefer to tables and boxes. abbreviations and symbols xviii–xxi accumulation 129 ...

Index aluminium (Al) (cont.) solubility and acidity in continental waters 155–61 acidification from atmospheric inputs 156 alkal ...

Index 285 a potent carcinogen 54–5 remediation of in groundwater 174, 176 benzene ring 24 , 25, 135 Bermuda, sewage effluent dis ...

286 Index carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3 ) 58 , 79, 151–2 carbonyl functional group 25 see alsoaldehydes carbonyl sulphide (OCS) 43 , 2 ...

Index 287 biological processes 161–70 element chemistry 142–5 freshwater sources 141 groundwater contamination 174–80 heavy meta ...

288 Index elements (cont.) order in 14 –19 classified as metals, semi-metals and non-metallic 18 the Periodic Table 15, 17 radio ...

Index 289 seasonal variation in dissolved P, Si, nitrate and chlorophyll a 168 silicate removal 187 greenhouse effect 258 and ri ...

290 Index ion exchange 193 clay minerals 111, 112 , 186 K fixation during 214 and soil pH 111–12 ion pairs/pairing 197, 198–9, 2 ...