Cities of God: The Religion of the Italian Communes 1125-1325

 86 LaCitadeSancta covered a loophole in the rule against parties. But money saved by fasting helped the poor or could be laid ...

FromConversion toCommunity 87  all were to attend the funeral.^117 Charity extended beyond sick members, at least in ritual way ...

 88 LaCitadeSancta their patrons, Saint Dominic, Saint Peter of Verona, and Saint Catherine of Alexandria. At Bologna in the 12 ...

FromConversion toCommunity 89  conjunction with the monthly Mass and dinner. The priest engaged for Mass could have preached, b ...

 90 LaCitadeSancta could not sound out the Latin texts said Paters instead.^134 Italians much preferred the recitation of Pater ...

FromConversion toCommunity 91  tices varied greatly, reflecting the confraternities’ diverse membership. A Marian confraternity ...

 92 LaCitadeSancta In the north, corporate hymn singing also appears in the 1260 statutes of the Bolognese flagellants. These s ...

FromConversion toCommunity 93  governatore,began the session by recalling Jesus’ command that all should be reconciled to their ...

 94 LaCitadeSancta who is our advocate, by us always to be praised. Amen.^155 Service toCity andChurch Communes called on penit ...

FromConversion toCommunity 95  as lay chaplains to the municipal jail. They made and distributed bread to prisoners, a task for ...

 96 LaCitadeSancta Dominicans had, from their arrival in Italy, directed penitents to take part in the detection of heresy.^174 ...

FromConversion toCommunity 97  cant orders.^181 Dominican-directed individual penitents promoted ortho- doxy, which replaced th ...

 98 LaCitadeSancta joined her as a companion. A priest, Fra Michele, guided her in spiritual matters.^188 This was sufficient ‘ ...

FromConversion toCommunity 99  vehicle for doing penance in a traditional conversi fashion. Popular desire for peace in the wak ...

 100 LaCitadeSancta vored the same civic and neighborly purposes as the early penitents. They made special provision for their ...

FromConversion toCommunity 101  control, repeating as he did so the myth that Saint Francis had written the penitents’ rule.^21 ...

 102 LaCitadeSancta but in Brescia, at least, they balked at this rule and continued to meet, as they always had, in their neig ...

Chapter Three The Holy City  The Italian communes, like the Mother Church and the pious associations of the faithful, created t ...

 104 LaCitadeSancta ingly.^4 Rampant factionalism eventually forced the cities to experiment with a single executive (podesta`) ...

TheHolyCity 105  bishop. Soon communal and episcopal mobs fought in the streets, torching each other’s houses. But the strife r ...