The Foundations of Chemistry

STANDARD ELECTRODE POTENTIALS FOR OTHER HALF-REACTIONS In some half-cells, the oxidized and reduced species are both in solution ...

EXAMPLE 21-4 Predicting the Direction of Reactions In an acidic solution at standard conditions, will tin(IV) ions, Sn^4 , oxid ...

Now that we know how to use standard reduction potentials, let us use them to explain the reaction that occurs in the electrolys ...

A point of strain in a steel object acts as an anode where the iron is oxidized to iron(II) ions, and pits are formed (Figure 21 ...

The thin layer of tin on tin-plated steel cans is less easily oxidized than iron, and it protects the steel underneath from corr ...

Figure 21-13a shows an iron pipe connected to a strip of magnesium, a more active metal, to protect the iron from oxidation. The ...

EFFECT OF CONCENTRATIONS (OR PARTIAL PRESSURES) ON ELECTRODE POTENTIALS THE NERNST EQUATION Standard electrode potentials, desig ...

EE^0  0.0 n 592 log  [ [ R O e x d ] ] x y  (reduction half-reaction) For the familiar half-reaction involving metallic zi ...

EXAMPLE 21-6 The Nernst Equation A cell is constructed at 25°C as follows. One half-cell consists of the Fe^3 /Fe^2 couple in ...

log Qcell,so the correction factor becomes more negative. Thus, the overall Ecelldecreases (the reaction becomes less favorable) ...

tion written,for the concentrations given. If the resulting cell potential were negative, the reversereaction would be favored a ...

Solution (a) EcellE^0 cell 0.0 n 592 log Q Substituting and solving for Q, 0.522 V0.763 V 0.0 2 592 log Q  0.05 2 92 V ...

EcellE^0  0.0 n 592 log  0  0.0 2 592 log 0 1 . . 1 0 0 0 0.030 V As the reaction proceeds, [Cu^2 ] decreases in th ...

THE RELATIONSHIP OF E^0 cellTO
G^0 AND K In Section 17-12 we studied the relationship between the standard Gibbs free energy ch ...

Solution The standard reduction potential for the Sn^4 /Sn^2 couple is 0.15 volt; that for the Cr^3 /Cr couple is 0.74 volt ...

PRIMARY VOLTAIC CELLS As any voltaic cell produces current (discharges),chemicals are consumed. Primary voltaic cellscannot be “ ...

Addition of the half-reactions gives the overall cell reaction Zn2NH 4 88nZn^2 2NH 3 H 2 Ecell1.6 V As H 2 is formed, it i ...

SECONDARY VOLTAIC CELLS In secondary voltaic cells,or reversible cells,the original reactants can be regenerated. This is done b ...

The electrons travel through the external circuit and re-enter the cell at the PbO 2 elec- trode, which is the cathode during di ...

The solid reaction product at each electrode adheres to the electrode surface. Hence, a nicad battery can be recharged by an ext ...