Front Matter

considered an acyl-esterase, a thio-esterase activity has also been demonstrated for PLA 2 from porcine pancreas if compounds wi ...

cluster on the inner surface of a deep cleft in the molecule. The metal cluster is a part of the active site and attracts the ph ...

(Abousalham et al., 1995), and castor bean (Wang et al., 1993a). Purified microbial PLDs allowing the determination of molecular ...

et al., 1995),Ricinus communisL. (Wang et al., 1994; Xu et al., 1997), andCory- nebacterium ulcerans(McNamara et al., 1995). For ...

12.3 Molecular structure and mechanism of phospholipases used as biocatalysts 231 Figure 6. HKD motifs and sections of the C2 do ...

tertiary structure of a PLD family member, and conclusions to common structural features of these enzymes have been derived. The ...

Besides the catalytic motifs, PLDs show some other typical structural features. PLDs from plants possess a C2 domain in theN-ter ...

234 12 Phospholipases Used in Lipid Transformations Figure 8. Supramolecular structures of phospholipids. Figure 9. Geometry of ...

lipids can also undergo thermotropic phase changes reflecting the fluidity of the fatty acid chains. While in vivo phospholipase ...

This model has been derived from kinetic data of the action of cobra venom PLA 2 in mixed micelles with the nonionic surfactant ...

which modify the aggregate structure either by remaining in the particles or by being released. Therefore, in biocatalytic proce ...

solvent effects in hydrolysis and transphosphatidylation of PC by PLD from cabbage andStreptomycesspp., postulated that the inte ...

12.5.1 Phospholipase A 1 Although several reports exist on hydrolysis reactions catalyzed by PLA 1 (Fauvel et al., 1984; Kucera ...

240 12 Phospholipases Used in Lipid Transformations Table 2.Fatty acids introduced by PLA 2 into glycerophospholipids. Fatty aci ...

tained PLA 2 immobilized onto Sepharose (Labeque et al., 1993). This approach is based on the decrease of plasma cholesterol by ...

242 12 Phospholipases Used in Lipid Transformations Table 3.Head groups introduced by PLD into 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerophospholipid ...

12.5 Examples of application 243 Table 3.continued. Head group introduced Educt^1 Source of PLD Solvent system Reference (R)- an ...

244 12 Phospholipases Used in Lipid Transformations Table 3.continued. Head group introduced Educt^1 Source of PLD Solvent syste ...

12.5 Examples of application 245 Table 3.continued. Head group introduced Educt^1 Source of PLD Solvent system Reference 2,5,7,8 ...

12.5.4 Phospholipase D PLD has been the most used phospholipase hitherto, mainly due to its relatively strong propensity to cata ...