Clinical_Rounds_in_Endocrinology_Volume_II_-_Pediatric_Endocrinology

12 2 What is the atypical presentation of PPNAD? PPNAD may present as classical, subclinical, or cyclical Cushing’s syndrome. ...

12 3 How to approach a child with suspected Cushing ’ s syndrome? An approach to a child with suspected Cushing’s syndrome is ...

124 Test Weight ≥40 Kg Weight ≤40 Kg ONDST 1 mg at 2300h 15 μg/Kg at 2300h LDDST 0.5 mg, 6 hourly × 2 days 30 μg/Kg/day in four ...

12 5 How to establish the etiological diagnosis of a patient with Cushing ’ s syndrome? The approach to establish the etiologic ...

126 a b Fig. 4.9 ( a ) A 15-year-old boy with Cushing’s syndrome. ( b ) Coronal CEMR showing a hypoin- tense pituitary lesion on ...

127 a c b dd Fig. 4.10 ( a ) An 18-year-old girl with Cushing’s syndrome. ( b ) CECT abdomen showing bilat- eral adrenal hyperpl ...

128 How to evaluate a child for comorbidities associated with Cushing ’ s syndrome? A detailed clinical examination including h ...

129 How to evaluate a child with ACTH - independent Cushing ’ s syndrome? Adrenal CT is the fi rst-line investigation in child ...

© Springer India 2016 131 A. Bhansali et al., Clinical Rounds in Endocrinology, DOI 10.1007/978-81-322-2815-8_5 5 Rickets–Osteom ...

132 (N < 34). Antinuclear antibody was present (speckled pattern, 3+) and celiac serology (IgA tTG) was negative. Ultrasonogr ...

133 a c e b d Fig. 5.1 (a) A 25-year-old female with distal renal tubular acidosis due to Sjogren syndrome. (b) Note genu varum, ...

13 4 5.2 Stepwise Analysis The index patient presented with fragility fracture at a young age along with prox- imal muscle weakn ...

135 glucosuria, and phosphaturia support the diagnosis of proximal RTA. Further, proximal RTA can be confirmed by bicarbonate lo ...

136 What are the functions of different types of cells present in bone? Osteocytes are the most abundant cells present in bone ...

137 What are the differences between cortical and trabecular bone? The differences between cortical and trabecular bone are su ...

138 What are the regulators of calcium homeostasis? Intracellular calcium is 10,000 times lower than serum ionized calcium, an ...

139 How is serum calcium maintained in the normal range? Calcium absorption from the intestine, resorption from the bone, and ...

14 0 What are the regulators of phosphorus homeostasis? The level of phosphate in the intracellular compartment is one to two ...

141 1,25(OH) 2 D-mediated active absorption contributes to the rest. The kidney is the prime organ involved in phosphate homeost ...

142 What are the differences between calcium and phosphate homeostasis? The differences between calcium and phosphate homeosta ...