The Evolution of Operational Art. From Napoleon to the Present

that had cost the Egyptians heavy losses, and reached manoeuvre spaces, the old ‘package’ of manoeuvrability, offence, and battl ...

Failure to concentrate forces at the strategic and operational levels in 1973 In 1973, the IDF found itself, for the first time, ...

as centre of gravity, which have united military thinkers and practitioners for centuries, except for the dilemma of where and a ...

based on smart doctrines and plans, which usually needs more abstract and paradoxical thinking. Commanders have tended to believ ...

force multipliers at all military levels of war, including the operational level. The establishment of the OTRI created the fals ...

Amitzur Ilan,Embargo, Power and Military Decision in the 1948 Palestine War (Tel Aviv: MOD, 1995) [Hebrew]. Ibid. Kober,Coaliti ...

Avi Kober, ‘The IDF in the Second Lebanon War: Why the Poor Performance?’Journal of Strategic Studies, vol. 31, no. 1 (February ...

Mordechai Gur,Chief of the General Staff, 1974–1978(Tel Aviv: Maarachot, 1998) [Hebrew], 404. Interview on Israeli Radio, Chann ...

defined as ‘a process for obtaining a desired strategic outcome or effect on the enemy through the synergistic and cumulative ap ...

7 The Chinese Way of War Andrew Scobell INTRODUCTION This chapter examines the Chinese Way of War over the span of several thous ...

Moreover, according to leading strategists at the People’s Liberation Army’s (PLA) Academy of Military Sciences—China’s most imp ...

overlook is the fact that attention to asymmetries has long been a staple in the conduct of war. This is especially true for the ...

rapidly equip itself for simple self-preservation. The CCP’s military arm, which later became known as the PLA, officially dates ...

in occupying vast swathes of China following the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War in 1937 (labelled by Chinese Communists as th ...

victory was complete for Mao to proclaim the formal creation of the PRC. Chiang Kai-shek and a significant portion of his milita ...

fight these wars, inevitably it would find itself confronted by a far more potent military adversary. Then, in the first decade ...

rear). 23 The distinction between the two is not hard and fast; however, perhaps the simplest way to differentiate betweenzhenga ...

invading Japanese forces in China’s tributary kingdom of Korea waged by impe- rial forces, Chinese generals employed a combinati ...

the conflict. The fig leaf suited all the de facto combatants because it prevented the war from escalating beyond the confines o ...

and were only accomplished with considerable bloodshed. Chinese forces did not attack the third geographical objective, Lang Son ...