The Evolution of Operational Art. From Napoleon to the Present
6 The Rise and Fall of Israeli Operational Art, 1948–2008 Avi Kober INTRODUCTION Although the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) demons ...
learning institution. Three ‘waves’ of operational art are described in the paper: in the late 1940s, between the mid-1950s and ...
force ratios and cope with other strategic and operational constraints. The IDF’s command system and its commanders’ generalship ...
on the ground, were often characterized by non-linear thinking and abundant creativity, imagination, and audacity. A decentraliz ...
territory. After the Israeli withdrawal from the Sinai Desert in 1957, Israel enjoyed the benefit of strategic or, at least, ope ...
and Meir Zorea, was decided in favour of the latter. The armour became the dominant weapon system, constituting the backbone of ...
Indirect approach Completely avoiding direct confrontation between enemies has always been wishful thinking, even in the eyes of ...
In yet another aspect of the indirect approach, the IDF had left the capture of most of the Gaza Strip to the later stages of th ...
on the other fronts or battle zones. A few examples will demonstrate the effect that a concentration of forces had on the force ...
was built in Samaria. On the Northern Front, where the IDF had to overcome Syrian fortifications located in steep mountainous te ...
an airbase in the Sinai, and when the Egyptian troops were occupied with routine preparations for a new day. The attack resulted ...
Experience-based generalship and a decentralized command system Faithful to the IDF’s traditional performance-oriented approach, ...
increase in the hope of neutralizing its dependence on sequential concentrations of forces. In the wake of the peace with Egypt ...
manoeuvre, which was supposed to apply to LIC too, 33 something that augurs badly for operational art. Years of policing mission ...
place. On the other hand, the objectives of those engaged in such conflicts and sometimes also the targets they choose to hit ar ...
The ascendancy of firepower over manoeuvre as a major impediment The ascendancy of firepower over manoeuvre on the Arab–Israeli ...
missiles within a short period of time, they also dealt with the challenge in an inter- corps effort. Once they were joined by i ...
The positive aspects have, in recent years, been reflected in a new Israeli operational conception, which stipulates that firepo ...
post-heroic warfare’s rules. Notwithstanding the suicide bombings of the second intifada, Israel made an effort to uphold post-h ...
Offence/defence Once manoeuvre became limited after 1967, a gap arose between the IDF’s traditional unequivocal commitment to of ...
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