Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar

iNdiCatiNG reSUlt, CoNClUSioN, PoteNtial, aNd exteNt 32.5 扔掉 rēngdiào ‘to throw away’ 你怎么把我的信给扔掉了？ 你怎麼把我的信給扔掉了？ Nǐ zěnme bǎ wǒ d ...

resultative suffixes with special meanings or properties 32.5 住得起 zhùdeqǐ ‘to be able to afford to live someplace’ 住不起 zhùbuqǐ ‘ ...

iNdiCatiNG reSUlt, CoNClUSioN, PoteNtial, aNd exteNt 32.6 32.6 indicating the extent or result of a situation Resultative verbs ...

33 Making comparisons Comparison structures are used to indicate that things are similar to or different from each other, or to ...

makiNG ComPariSoNS 33.1 33.1.2 indicating that all noun phrases are the same When a noun phrase refers to multiple entities (for ...

Similarity 33.1 NP 1 跟/和 NP 2 很像 NP 1 gēn/hé NP 2 hěn xiàng 你儿子跟/和你女儿很像吗？ 你兒子跟/和你女兒很像嗎？ Nǐ érzi gēn/hé nǐ nǚ’ér hěn xiàng ma? Do ...

makiNG ComPariSoNS 33.1 33.1.6 indicating identical performance of an action To indicate that two noun phrases perform an action ...

Similarity 33.1 Variation 2 NP 1 [action verb + object] 跟/和 NP 2 [action verb 得] 一样 AV NP 1 [action verb + object] 跟/和 NP 2 [act ...

makiNG ComPariSoNS 33.2 33.2 difference 33.2.1 indicating that noun phrases are different To indicate that two noun phrases are ...

more than 33.3 33.2.3 indicating that noun phrases are different in some property To indicate that two noun phrases are differen ...

makiNG ComPariSoNS 33.3 33.3.1 Comparing noun phrases in terms of adjectival verbs NP 1 比 NP 2 AV NP 1 bǐ NP 2 AV NP 1 is more A ...

more than 33.3 3.3.4.1 indicating a specific quantity When the quantity is a specific number, say: NP 1 比 NP 2 AV [number + clas ...

makiNG ComPariSoNS 33.3 or NP 1 比 NP 2 AV 多了 NP 1 bǐ NP 2 AV duō le NP 1 is much more AV than NP 2 今天比昨天冷多了。 Jīntiān bǐ zuótiān ...

more than 33.3 3.3.4.4 Noun phrase 1 is more adjectival verb than noun phrase 2 by half To indicate that one noun phrase is more ...

makiNG ComPariSoNS 33.4 Here are several variations in this pattern. They differ in the order of the phrases. In all of them, [a ...

less than 33.4 33.4.1 indicating ‘less than’ with 没有/沒有 méi yIu NP 1 没有/沒有 NP 2 AV NP 1 méi yǒu NP 2 AV NP 1 is not as AV as NP ...

makiNG ComPariSoNS 33.4 33.4.3 indicating performance that is less than another’s in some way To indicate that one noun phrase d ...

Comparative degree 33.5 妹妹写字写得没有弟弟(那么)快。 妹妹寫字寫得沒有弟弟(那麼)快。 Mèimei xiě zì xiěde méi yǒu dìdi (nàme) kuài. Younger sister doesn’t w ...

makiNG ComPariSoNS 33.7 天气预报说明天比今天还要冷。 天氣預報說明天比今天還要冷。 Tiānqì yùbào shuō míngtiān bǐ jīntiān hái yào lěng. The weather report say ...

34 Talking about the present Here are the expressions and structures most often used to indicate that a state exists at the pres ...