Wrestling with Nature From Omens to Science

170 Dear See bibliographical discussion in Robert Lenoble, Mersenne ou la naissance du mécanisme (Paris: J. Vrin, 1943), xxix–x ...

Mixed Mathematics 171 Royal Society 44 (1990):17–19, suggests that this passage may have been prompted by Newton’s reading a rev ...

172 Dear l’expérience en France et en Angleterre, 1630–1820 (Paris: Éditions La Découverte, 1996), esp. 169–74; also Jessica Ris ...

173 The subject of this chapter is the changing character of natural philoso- phy and the attitudes of its cultivators toward it ...

174 Heilbron preneurs, and the military—also fi gured in the transformation of natu- ral philosophy into classical physics. The ...

Natural Philosophy 175 The second section below cuts up the string of natural philosophers into some of its better- known parts. ...

176 Heilbron Samuel Clarke, in 1735. It described and explained demonstrations il- lustrative of “all the effects that Nature pr ...

Natural Philosophy 177 The assimilation of experimental philosophy with natural philosophy was accomplished by the distinctive s ...

178 Heilbron self claimed and was accorded the title of physicien, an apt usage for the time that caused distress two hundred ye ...

Natural Philosophy 179 The more widely accepted, the system of imponderables, associated each of the main divisions of physica p ...

180 Heilbron bad for.” Almost 60 percent could not manage to name a subject. Half of those who did, some forty Fellows, specifi ...

Natural Philosophy 181 it required evidence of productive engagement with natural philosophy (or some other science) for admissi ...

182 Heilbron Göttingen Societät der Wissenschaften, “or inevitably betray his naked- ness.” Ordinary teachers, “those who aspire ...

Natural Philosophy 183 existed, not even election into a learned society, and, in any case, rejec- tion by one usually could be ...

184 Heilbron mixed mathematicians and natural philosophers engaged included (to choose a few stereotypes) French engineers, Brit ...

Natural Philosophy 185 ductions to natural philosophy are arranged as conversations between a young lady and her tutor, as in th ...

186 Heilbron to classical literature by detailing a hydraulic system by which Hercules could have cleaned the Augean stables. He ...

Natural Philosophy 187 Theory outran practice: the hydrogen caught fi re and the latter- day Icarus crashed before leaving Franc ...

188 Heilbron for engineering, it gave an irresistible push to the quantifi cation of natural philosophy. Most of the notable Fre ...

Natural Philosophy 189 many would- be mathematicians, some women, honed their skills. One of them was the pious schoolteacher Ma ...