Medieval France. An Encyclopedia

stay with her cousins. Her husband later told the authorities he had no reason to think her a sorceress. Others, however, were n ...

women, due to sociological causes, but also among members of one sex. It is difficult to defend an essentialist claim that disti ...

rise of the universities, all women’s access to learning, to publishing, and to participation in culturally relevant discussions ...

monastery as the location for a royal cult, Feminine spirituality as promoted by early- medieval women saints and their follower ...

France in the wake of the rise of wealthy cities. Not just women in the reform orders of the Cistercians, Dominicans, or Francis ...

Middle Ages tended to belong to royal houses, their religious experiences were not shaped by the attempt to create sharply gende ...

experiential criteria that had been developed in a slow and complex historical process. Women’s religious experience in the 14th ...

members in their occupation and continued in the trade as widows. Single women (femmes soles) were also often involved in artisa ...

noncourtly women’s texts were sung in Provençal as well as in French, the Provençal songs are barely represented in the manuscri ...

WOOL TRADE . During the Middle Ages, a major commodity of French commerce was wool. The cloth- manufacturing industry that had d ...

terruptions of trade by the English king to pressure the count to make promised payments. A serious break between England and Fl ...

Y YPRES . The smallest, after Bruges and Ghent, of the “three cities” that dominated Flanders in the Middle Ages, Ypres is first ...

[See also: BRUGES; FLANDERS; GHENT; TEXTILES; WOOL TRADE] Merlevede, J. De Ieperse stadsfinanciân (1280–1330): Bijdrage tot de s ...

INDEX Page references to encyclopedia entries appear in boldface; page numbers for maps and tabular material are set in italic. ...

and Robert of Melun, 806, 807 Sic et non, 413, 735 on universal terms, 736 and William of Champeaux, 736, 862, 977 Abraham ibn E ...

as literary theme, 196, 249, 267, 268, 333, 354 of Marguerite of Burgundy, 567 repression of, 764 Advent, 288, 557, 601 Adversos ...

and Albi, 20 and annexation of Languedoc, 183, 635 and Aymar II, 943 and count Raymond-Roger, 354 criticized by Guilhem de Monta ...

and O antiphons, 677 and Rabanus Maurus, 777 and scriptorium of Tours, 917 writings about Vedast, 435 Alda (William of Blois), 9 ...

al-Mansur, 59 Al-Mansura, 567 alms, distribution of, 82 almshouses for indigent, 458. See also poor, care of Alpaide, 206 Alpais ...

Anglo-Norman Alexander. See Roman de toute chevalerie Anglo-Norman literature, 28, 29, 35–38, 53, 399, 422, 425, 460, 732 Anglo- ...