Khazaria in the 9th and 10th Centuries
204 CHAPTER 4 growing olives and vines.142 The southern slopes of the mountains are incised by deep and fertile river valleys. T ...
The Khazar Economy: Economic Integration or Disintegration? 205 The Terek-Sulak Interfluve is a large steppe plain that to the w ...
206 CHAPTER 4 mouth of the Volga was also dry and barren. Not incidentally, both the Eastern writers and the Khazar ruler Joseph ...
The Khazar Economy: Economic Integration or Disintegration? 207 the Saltovo settlements along the Don and the Severski Donets. I ...
208 CHAPTER 4 the Khazar economy, as they did for the economy of Kievan Rus’, for example. Khazaria mainly imported jewelry, bea ...
The Khazar Economy: Economic Integration or Disintegration? 209 these areas or peoples provided the Khazars with taxes, since th ...
210 CHAPTER 4 Constantine Porphyrogenitus mentions the Alans as a threat to Khazaria, since they lived near the “climates” and c ...
The Khazar Economy: Economic Integration or Disintegration? 211 significant Khazar center in the lands of the Alans.175 The cont ...
212 CHAPTER 4 According to Iu. Kobishchanov, Joseph’s account could be regarded as evi- dence that a system, similar to the so-c ...
The Khazar Economy: Economic Integration or Disintegration? 213 custom duties and taxes, collected from trade caravans [.. .] an ...
214 CHAPTER 4 time suffered a “crushing blow”.195 M. Artamonov himself explained in 1962 that the Pravda article provoked “some ...
The Khazar Economy: Economic Integration or Disintegration? 215 of history” they pass through the centuries, influencing differe ...
216 CHAPTER 4 for the emergence of the nomadic economy.206 On the threshold between the second and the first millennium BC, the ...
The Khazar Economy: Economic Integration or Disintegration? 217 between the eighth and the twelfth centuries and the cooling tha ...
218 CHAPTER 4 L. Gumilev believes that the desert is “hostile” to stock-breeding and does not study the Middle Asia region. In B ...
The Khazar Economy: Economic Integration or Disintegration? 219 Khazar economy. These changes, however, did not affect the nomad ...
220 CHAPTER 4 A similar depopulation also occurred on the territory of Danube Bulgaria, in Dobrudzha. Furthermore, it remained s ...
© koninklijke brill nv, leiden, ���5 | doi ��.��63/9789004�94486_ 007 CHAPTER 5 The “Internal” Ethnic Communities in Khazaria Th ...
222 CHAPTER 5 While the Saltovo culture provides us with some clues regarding the “inter- nal” communities of the khaganate, the ...
The “Internal” Ethnic Communities in Khazaria 223 (tribes) through the formation of some sort of confederation or their subjec- ...
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