The Foundations of Chemistry

13-15 Structures of Crystals 515 Simple cubic (a) Body-centered cubic (b) Face-centered cubic (c) ...

BONDING IN SOLIDS We classify crystalline solids into categories according to the types of particles in the crystal and the bond ...

13-16 Bonding in Solids 517 Figure 13-26 (a) Spheres in the same plane, packed as closely as possible. Each sphere touches six o ...

518 CHAPTER 13: Liquids and Solids CC Research & Technology HEMISTRY IN USE Semiconductors A semiconductoris an element or a ...

13-16 Bonding in Solids 519 charged boron atom from the hole, delocalizing the latter. In this case the charge carriers are the ...

EXAMPLE 13-7 Nearest Neighbors In the simple cubic form of manganese there are Mn atoms at the corners of a simple cubic unit ce ...

Plan We visualize the simple cubic cell. 13-16 Bonding in Solids 521 Solution (a) One face of the cubic unit cell is shown in th ...

Solution (a) One face of the face-centered cubic unit cell is shown in the left-hand drawing, with the atoms touching. The neare ...

EXAMPLE 13-10 Density, Cell Volume, and Avogadro’s Number Titanium crystallizes in a body-centered cubic unit cell with an edge ...

Figure 13-28 Some representations of the crystal structure of sodium chloride, NaCl. Sodium ions are shown in gray and chloride ...

In certain types of solids, including ionic crystals, particles differentfrom those at the corners of the unit cell occupy extra ...

Plan The edge length, a5.501 Å, is twice the radius of the Brion plus twice the radius of the Li
ion. We know from Example 13- ...

mobile. As a result, covalent solids are usuallypoor thermal and electrical conductors at ordinary temperatures. (Diamond, howev ...

BAND THEORY OF METALS As described in the previous section, most metals crystallize in close-packed structures. The ability of m ...

crystal containing one mole of sodium atoms, for example, the interaction (overlap) of 6.022 10233 satomic orbitals produces 6. ...

(or into which) electrons move to allow electrical conduction is called a conduction band. The electrical conductivity of a meta ...

4.Metals are malleable or ductile (or both). A crystal of a metal is easily deformed when a mechanical stress is applied to it. ...

532 CHAPTER 13: Liquids and Solids Condensation Liquefaction of vapor. Condensed phases The liquid and solid phases; phases in w ...

Exercises 533 Surface tension The result of inward intermolecular forces of attraction among liquid particles that must be overc ...

534 CHAPTER 13: Liquids and Solids crystalline CCl 3 F is held at a temperature of 120°C while a stream of helium gas is blown ...