1. MedievWorld1_fm_4pp.qxd

360 Huns Schlacks, Jr., Publisher, 1989–1992); János M. Bak and Béla K. Király, eds., From Hunyadi to Rákóczi: War and Society i ...

Hus, John 361 chases took on an obvious social snobbery. Consequently, rulers maintained forests for their exclusive use. This s ...

362 al-Husayn ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib of the Oxford theologian John WYCLIFFE. He demanded radical reform to end the Great SCHISM. ...

hymns, hymnals, and hymnology 363 Monastic rules, such as that of Saint BENEDICT, speci- fied a liturgical role for hymns from t ...

I 364 Iacopone da Todi SeeJACAPONE DATODI. Iaroslav the Wise SeeYAROSLAV THEWISE. Ibelin family The Ibelins were a crusader fami ...

Ibn Battuta, Abu Abdallah 365 through Arab Eyes, trans. Jon Rothschild (New York: Schochen Books, 1985); Amidu Sanni, The Arabic ...

366 Ibn Hanbal, Ahmad ibn Muhammad finance his future travels, he became an itinerant QADI,or Muslim legal scholar. Leaving Mecc ...

Ibn Rushd, Abu l-Walid Muhammad 367 conquest and were prominent in the political and intel- lectual life of the city. Shortly be ...

368 Ibn Sina, Abu Ali al-Husayn was invited to the ALMOHADcourt at MARRAKECHto help establish Islamic educational institutions, ...

Iceland and Icelandic literature 369 jurisprudence in MARRAKECH,CÓRDOBA,BAGHDAD,DAM- ASCUS, and ALEXANDRIAand perhaps even met A ...

370 Iconoclasm and Iconoclastic controversy emulate classical Latin historiography and medieval LATIN HAGIOGRAPHY. The various c ...

al-Idrisi 371 Icons(Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1990); Daniel Sahas, ed., Icon and Logos: Sources in Eighth Cen ...

372 Idrisid dynasty al-Mushtaq Fi’khtiraq al-Afaq of al-’Sharif al-Idrisi(Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1960); G. Oman, “Al-Idrı ̄sı ̄,” ...

imam and imamah 373 Genghis Khan: Courtly Art and Culture in Western Asia, 1256–1353(New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, N ...

374 impeachment and attainder knowledge. He held a perfect knowledge given by GODof all things. This knowledge was identical wit ...

indulgences 375 REAL CONDITIONS Life in the isolation of rural communities, the absence of social mobility for most people, and ...

376 infancy indulgencewas clearly established as “an extrasacramental remission, granted by the church, of the temporal penalty ...

Innocent III, Pope 377 in reforming ecclesiastical government, updating canon law, promoting the administrative centralization o ...

378 Innocent IV, Pope churches to support a teacher charged with improving the education of the clergy. Other decrees forbade th ...

Inquisition 379 and adequate shelter to large, comfortable, and well- furnished buildings with a courtyard and stabling for HORS ...