Popes and Jews, 1095-1291

Jewish leaders 48, 198, 202 Jewish lenders 67n4, 120, 146 Jewish lending 1n1, 18n81, 72n39, 140n35, 143n47, 146n65, 147, 152, 15 ...

Judaizing Christians 8, 260 Judas 86 Judenhut 171 ‘Judgement of the Jews’ 147 just war ix, 4, 103, 104, 180, 181n105, 267 Kabbal ...

livres 23 loans 18, 20, 45, 67, 68, 115, 118n87, 140, 142, 145, 155, 162, 184, 190 Loire 71 Lombard banking 146 Lombards 13n61, ...

mendicants 1, 14, 22, 25, 72, 139, 171, 179, 196, 207, 216–18, 221, 224, 269, 272 merchants 68, 71, 149n91, 150n96, 159, 228, 23 ...

Nicholas III, ‘Vineam sorec’ 69, 69n25, 212n54, 218, 219n90, 255, 255n62 Nicholas IV, pope 13n58, 17n76, 25, 25n124, 78, 78n64, ...

papal states 3n11, 5, 15, 25, 25n128, 26n128, 32, 32n21, 119, 226, 227, 246 papal vicar 208 papal–imperial relations 37 papal–Je ...

pledges 45, 67n4, 116, 144, 145, 147, 148, 157, 159, 168, 192, 209 plenary indulgence 18n82, 108 pogroms 39n59, 45, 48, 67, 68, ...

Ralph Glaber 9n45 Ralph of Diceto 44n87, 118, 118nn84–5 Ramah 98 Ramerupt 114 Rashbatz 63, 63nn202, 204–5 Rashi 227 Rathier of V ...

salvation 9, 9n45, 25n6, 42, 60, 82, 84, 86, 89, 99, 156, 249, 255, 257 Sancho II of Portugal 177 Sancta Sanctorum 234 Saracens ...

Spanish crusade 125 Spanish expulsion 30n15 Spanish peninsula 123 spells 96n174 Speyer 71, 112, 114 Spirit xix, 134, 259 spiritu ...

Toulouse 18n82, 72, 80n78, 96n174, 128, 129, 131, 134, 177, 180, 253 Tournai 209, 212 Tournai (chapter of ) 209, 212 Tours 121, ...

William of Bourges 13n62, 14n62, 222, 222n116, 223n117 William of Newburgh 44n87, 118n84 William of Norwich 12, 82, 82n89, 85n10 ...