The Afghanistan Wars - William Maley

palatable – his own fate showed this rather clearly – and in reality there were significant groups which resisted the relabellin ...

at this time, there were still Politburo members in place who had been in office at the time of the invasion – notably Gromyko, ...

Before concluding discussion of this decision, it is necessary to discuss one important thesis about it which has recently been ...

reached in late spring and summer 1987’ (Mendelson, 1998: 125). But this conclusion is flatly at odds with what we know about th ...

THE UNITED NATIONS AND THE GENEVA ACCORDS The development of negotiations under UN auspices As noted earlier, the Soviet Union’s ...

him’ by the General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, and Trusteeship Council. Given the complexity of th ...

appointed in February 1981 by UN Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim to be his Personal Representative. On 22 February 1982, followi ...

stage with its Afghan clients: Gromyko in March 1983 indirectly highlighted this when he observed to the Politburo that ‘The Afg ...

the Red Army to subdue the Basmachi Movement in Central Asia in the 1920s and 1930s (Hershberg, 1996–97: 177). The Soviets had a ...

the kind of arrangements which they were contemplating would be at odds with the President’s intuitive commitment to back anti- ...

Afghanistan and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan on the Principles of Mutual Relations, in Particular on Non-Interference and No ...

Return of Refugees. This was the least contentious of the docu- ments, providing in Article I that ‘All Afghan refugees temporar ...

different evaluation. In 1989, I concluded a mournful assessment of the Geneva Accords with the warning that ‘for many Afghans, ...

‘peacekeeping mission’. Peacekeeping is not a function explicitly entrusted to the UN under the United Nations Charter, but inst ...

was a theatrical prop in the final scene of a drawn-out drama, part of the raft of measures designed to ease the USSR out of Afg ...

1969 by Sir Robert Jackson in a famous report (Jackson, 1969), were prominently on display, and conflict between different agen- ...

announced a suspension of the withdrawal. However, in all this there was a large dose of bluff (Rubin, 1988), for it remained fu ...

more promising theatre for the achievement of their interests than the negotiating table, and were deeply suspicious of Cordovez ...

settlement in Afghanistan to augment the Geneva Accords (Cordovez and Harrison, 1995: 378; Rubin, 1995b: 101), Gul, who came to ...

Abdul Rahim of the Jamiat-e Islami, and Ghairat Baheer of the Hezb-e Islamiof Gulbuddin Hekmatyar. The meeting dealt mainly with ...